1. Cucumbers need fertilizer characteristics Cucumber grows quickly, results are more, and fertilizer is good. However, the distribution of roots is light, and the absorption of fertilizers and fertility are weak. In particular, soil solutions containing high concentrations of ammonium nitrogen cannot be tolerated. Therefore, the types and quantities of fertilizers are more stringent. According to the data, for every 1000 kg of cucumber produced, 1.9-2.7 kg of nitrogen (N), 0.8-0.9 kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 3.5-4.0 kg of potassium (K2O) should be drawn from the soil. The ratio of the three is 1:0.5:1.25.
The amount of nitrogen uptake increased linearly within 30 days after colonization, and up to the middle of growth. In the reproductive growth period, the need for phosphorus increases dramatically, while the need for nitrogen decreases slightly. The cucumber absorbs potassium throughout its growing period. The fruit of the cucumber is close to the fruit stem, and the fruit shoulder is prone to bitterness. The bitter taste substance is cucurbitacin (C12H50O8), and the cause is extremely complicated. From the perspective of cultivation, excessive nitrogen, low temperature, lack of light and moisture, as well as weak plant growth, etc., are all likely to produce bitterness. Therefore, the fruit setting period of cucumber must meet the need of supplying nitrogen nutrition, and it is also necessary to control the concentration of nitrogen in the soil solution.
2, cucumber fertilization points
2.1 Apply base fertilizer. The basal fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, generally 2500-3000 kg or more than 5000 kg of pig manure per acre base process, and the total use of 90% of the chemical fertilizer phosphate fertilizer, 50-60% of potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. 30 to 40%.
2.2 skillfully applied fruit fertilizer. Cucumbers are infinitely inflorescences. The result is a long period of time. It is required that each fruit should be supplemented with water and fertilizer after each fruit. According to the experience of vegetable growers, the use of irrigated water (that is, the fertilizer is dissolved in water and poured into the water with the water) combined with the irrigation of water can prevent excessive fertility and is beneficial to the high quality and high yield of cucumber. Topdressing should master the principle of light application and diligence. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied once every 7 to 10 days. Every time, 10~15kg of urea should be used per mu, and it should be accompanied by decomposed feces. The total growth period should be 7 to 9 times.
2.3 Pay attention to the application of potassium fertilizer. In the case of insufficient base fertilizer or lack of potassium in the soil, topdressing potassium must be applied. Potassium has a good effect on promoting balanced development of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, enhancing cucumber disease resistance and improving cucumber quality. According to relevant studies, the lack of potassium in the early stages of cucumber growth is difficult to obtain; the lack of potassium in the first half of the crop, the yield is only 1/9 of the total fertility; the potassium deficiency in the latter half, there is still a third of the harvest.
2.4 Spray foliar fertilizer in combination. According to practice, spraying 0.2 to 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution during the middle growth period has a good effect.
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