First, the main symptoms of disease
1, stalk rot: seedlings can be a disease stage, peanut seedlings roots or stem base after the brown root decay, wet conditions, the disease Department produces dense black small protrusions (spore conidia), the epidermis is easy to fall off The infected peanut seedlings all died. General reduction of production by 10% to 20%, the maximum reduction in production by more than 50%.
2, black rot: mainly in the peanut seedling stage, peanut seedlings after the victim, the root part of the sunken, brown, dry cuticle longitudinal cracks, and finally only the broken fibrous tissue, the disease minister full of black moldy (like black pot Bottom ash) The susceptible peanut seedlings all died. In recent years, the occurrence of black rot has aggravated.
3, root rot: the main incidence of a seedling before the results, peanut seedling roots and lateral roots after the victim's skin becomes brown wet, little or no lateral roots, the ground grows weak yellow, dwarf, leaves become smaller or yellow. There were a few dead seedlings before flowering, and most of the susceptible seedlings did not die. Because of weak roots and weak seedlings, the yield was reduced. In 2004, the production of root rot in the Tangshan Flower Production Area took place in a large area, and the average yield reduction in the Mu could be as high as 25 kg or more.
4. Viral diseases: There are three main types: striped virus disease, yellow mosaic virus disease, and common mosaic virus disease. Among them, the common mosaic virus disease is the most harmful. Here only the common mosaic virus disease is introduced. The symptoms are: the leaves become smaller, shrink, dark and uneven leaf color, short stature, small fruit knots (disease). Acres yields up to 50 kg or more. After the onset of common mosaic virus, there is no effective agent, and it is necessary to use drugs to prevent fleas, reduce the amount of virus transmitted by locusts in a large amount, and the effect of disease prevention is as high as more than 80%, which is currently the most effective prevention and control measures.
5, nematode disease: the main damage to the peanut roots, the root of the disease after the emergence of many irregular small larvae (worms), weak yellow on the ground, plant short, peanuts due to weak growth and reduced production. General reduction of production by 10% to 20%, and severe reduction of up to 50% or more. The current incidence of heavy land has a tendency to shift to a higher yield of mulching peanut field.
Second, control methods
1, Carbendazim seed dressing against three diseases (stem rot, black rot, root rot):
Use 50% carbendazim powder 250-300 grams, mix peanuts 50 kg. The method is: Spread the seeds on a plastic cloth, spray a small amount of water on the seeds, two people seize the two ends of the plastic sheet, and go back and forth, all the seeds are moist, and then sprinkle the carbendazim powder on the seeds. Come back and put all the seeds on the epidermis with a powder, then spray a small amount of water to make it evenly, and then spread the powder and mix it evenly. Mix the seeds 3 to 5 times. The flattened seeds are soaked, and the seed coat can be sown in about 30 minutes. The control effect on stem rot and black rot is over 90%, and the control effect on root rot is above 70%.
Note that the carbendazim used for sowing should not be a compound preparation, especially sulfur-containing carbendazim, because it can cause serious injury and result in a reduction of production.
2. Diosoxan or seed coating agent at the end of the second crop to prevent two diseases (virus disease, nematode disease):
After planting, the alfalfa with 2 to 3 kilograms of alfalfa is sown in the sowing ditch, or 500 g of seed coating agent is used for the mu, and the method is basically the same as that of the carbendazim seed dressing. In order to ensure even seed dressing dressing, can also spray a small amount of water on the seeds (only once), so that the epidermis is moist, and then fell seed coating agent, back and forth evenly, dry after sowing. Because aldicarb has a high control effect on nematode diseases and a heavier occurrence of nematode disease, it is advisable to choose aldicarb; if the occurrence of nematode disease is mild, or when virus disease is mainly prevented, seed coating agents can be used. .
If both the three diseases and the second disease are to be used, the combination of carbendazim seed dressing and aldicarb can be used. If both the carbendazim seed dressing and the seed dressing should be used, then multiple bacteria should be used first. Insulin seed, and will be mixed with carbendazim seed epidermis with a small amount of water spray tide (spray only once), and then fell seed coating agent, mix well and then dry seed coat and then sowing.
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