The introduction of the spring sowing variety Baiyuchun, the summer sowing variety Shinnong R706, and the autumn sowing variety Zhejiang University were carried out by the off-season cultivation, which not only yields high yields, but also yields good results. The main cultivation techniques are summarized below. 1. Cultivation of spring greenhouses 1.1 Selection of white spring radish and radish root radish (cultured by Korean farmer BIO Co., Ltd.), with a small number of leaves, rapid root swelling, and convulsive stability. The fleshy roots are smooth and tidy, with few roots and roots, white roots, and long barrels. The flavor is good, crispy and sweet, with lots of moisture, and it's late. 60 days after sowing weight can reach 1 kg. 1.2 Main cultivation techniques 1 Strict sowing time. The ambient temperature is above 10°C. It can be planted in fine weather for more than 7 days. Generally, the sowing time in the Yangtze River Basin: greenhouse + plastic film cover cultivation from late December to early January; the mulching film cultivation is from early February to early March. ; open ground cultivation in early March. 2 Shi Shifei, fine soil preparation. In general, 2,000 kg of high-quality human and livestock excrement, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, 1 kg of boron fertilizer, and 2000 kg of soil-contaminated fertilizer are adequately decomposed per mu. 3 Reasonable density sowing. A reasonable density can not only achieve high yields and early maturation, but also facilitate field management and reduce pests and diseases. Generally 40 cm 30 cm is more appropriate. When sowing, each hole is soaked with high-quality, thin, decomposing human and animal dung. Fill in 1 full-filled seed and cover about 1 cm thick. The seedlings are easy to fall after light emergence, and the root shape is not straight in the future; the seeding depth affects the seedling speed, and is not conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. At the same time, the seedlings are nursed at a ratio of 5% with nutrient mash for supplementing deficiencies. When the fistula is tight, it can also be transplanted directly with a 5–10 cm diameter seedling. This will not only facilitate the management but also make full use of the facilities in the greenhouse and significantly increase the economic benefits. 4 field management. Close the greenhouse 7-10 days after sowing to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. Since the temperature in early spring is not stable, after Qimiao, it is necessary to moderate the seedlings. General daytime temperature control in 15-20 °C, night 10-15 °C, even the rainy weather temperature as long as above 0 °C, to open the skirt in the leeward sunny place, moderate ventilation and cooling. In early March, when the nighttime temperature is stable at more than 10°C, it can be ventilated overnight to promote the balanced growth of roots and leaves. When 2-3 true leaves are filled, it is best to keep the cotyledons vertically. During the seedling stage, it needs less fertilizer and water, and it is locally cloudy and rainy, but it is not watered or fertilized. During the middle and late stages of growth, topdressing is performed in two portions. The first time 30 days after sowing, 4-5 true leaves, the majority of radish "break belly", evenly pouring urea 10 kg per kilogram, potassium chloride 5 kg; the second time after sowing 45 days, When most of the radish “strapless†was applied, 10 kg of urea was poured evenly on each acre. After the first application of fertilizer, we must keep the soil moist and rich in fertilizers to prevent heartburn and premature seizures. Even rainy days should be covered with rain, to prevent waterlogging and improve the quality of radish. Early spring radish has fewer pests and diseases. Seedlings need to prevent excessive humidity, induce damping-off, and prevent and control leafminers and aphids in the middle and later stages. 60 days after sowing, the harvest is advanced or delayed according to market conditions. 2. Summer cultivation 2.1 Variety Shionong 706 and Baiyuxia (brought by Korean farmer BIO Co., Ltd.) are used. The growth period is 50 to 55 days. The disease resistance and heat resistance are strong, the outer leaves are short, and the roots and roots are small. , High commodity, single root weight 1.0-1.5. 2.2 Main Cultivation Techniques General Early Spring Vegetables After the harvest in Nanjing White and May, etc., clear the plots and dig deep into the sun. The sowing date is from early May to early July. Before sowing, evenly spread ternary compound fertilizer per acre. Kg as base fertilizer. The sowing density is 40 cm 25 cm. When sowing, the bottom water is poured first, and a small amount of trichlorfon is added to the water to control the underground pests. Fill each seed with 1 full-filled seed and cover it with high-quality soil fertilizer. The high temperature and rain in summer can easily induce downy mildew, powdery mildew and soft temple disease. It is necessary to check in time and use drugs promptly. The commonly used drugs include metalaxyl, agricultural streptomycin, and agricultural resistance 120. Insect pests mainly include Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, Mistletomos maculatus, and locusts, etc. It is necessary to use early insecticides such as abamectin, vegetables, dimethoate, enemy kill, and kung fu. Manually capture the mature larvae in the morning. Before each line of rain, we must seize the fine soil and cultivate the loose soil and weeding. If grasses and weeds occur, we can use the stable or highly efficient grass covering in the 2-3 leaf stage of weeds to carry out foliar spray. Effective control, radish into the expansion stage, fertilizer and water demand increased, generally 2-3 grams of urea per bushel chase, potassium chloride 1-2 kilograms; enter the "concrete" stage, urea 5-10 per kilogram. Potassium chloride 2-4 kg. Afterwards, we must keep the water even and keep the soil moist. In case of heavy rain or continuous rain, we must do a good job of clearing and draining water. After 50 days of sowing, most of the radishes began to “round upâ€, and they were marketed according to market conditions, leaving 5 cm long petioles at the time of harvesting to reduce water loss. Each mu yield 3000-4000 kg, the output value of 1000-1200 yuan. 3, early autumn cultivation 3.1 varieties selected Zhejiang University, growing period of 70 days, semi-upright leaves, split leaves 11-13 pairs, plant height 60 cm. The fleshy root is cylindrical, 20-40 cm long, 8-9 cm in cross-section, 2/3 exposed to the ground, the tip of the tail, the flesh is all white, the epidermis is smooth, the lateral roots are few, and the single root weighs 0.5-1.5. Heat, fertilizer, high yield, suitable for sandy loam cultivation. 3.2 Main cultivation techniques 1 Seeding period. To control the sowing on August 10-30. Premature sowing, excessive pests, increased production costs, while high temperatures are not conducive to high yield; too late sowing, late low temperature affect the root swelling. 2 site preparation. The sandy loam fields were selected for deep plowing and the plough depth was more than 33 cm. There was no hard soil. Fertilizers are mainly based on basal fertilizers, which are implemented in Pu Shi. Each mu has 2,000 kg of medlar fertilizer and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. According to the north-south direction, it is 1.3 meters wide and 0.4 meters high. 3 sowing. Hit the hole at a density of 35 cm and 33 cm, dip the ground water with diluted faecal water with trichlorfon, fill the seeds with 3 seeds per hole, and cover the seed with 1 cm of loose seed covered with loose moist soil. This will allow all seedlings to be planted under adverse conditions of drought or stormy weather. 4 field management. 2-3 true leaves when the Dingmiao, leave a strong seedlings per hole. At this time of high temperature, the hypocotyls of most of the seedlings are long and fall to the ground. They should be combined with earth to prevent the strong wind from breaking the seedlings and ensure that the fleshy roots are upright in the later period. Seedling weather is high temperature and drought, using water supplement sooner or later. "Break the belly" before the appropriate seedlings, but at this time the high temperature and drought, if the lack of water can use the morning and evening replenishment, and add 2 kg of urea per acre; when 15 true leaves, evenly pouring urea 3 kg, potassium chloride 5 kg per acre z. After that, the amount of water required has increased greatly. Conditional water pumps can be used to irrigate water once every 7 days to keep the soil moist. When 20 true leaves are used, the root diameter of fleshy root is 1.5-2.0 cm. Once again, the volume has greatly increased. Generally, 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium chloride are poured per mu. Stop watering 5 days before harvesting. In summer, there are not many diseases, mainly controlling soft rot. After the last fertilization, spraying with agricultural streptomycin at the radish head 1 to 2 times before the closure of the line can be effectively controlled. From the emergence of seedlings to harvesting, insect pests continue to occur. Control of Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella with insecticidal net or Fructus nitidum, avermectin + acetamiprid, fipronil + cypermethrin or insecticidal net + deltamethrin It can effectively control the nocturnal moth pests; in the middle and later stages, it is necessary to prevent and control the locusts before closing the line. Once the line is closed, it is very easy to cause locusts to damage. After 60 days, they entered the harvesting period. When harvesting, the artificial force balance was lifted upwards, and the net soil was removed. The leaves were cut off and the roots were flattened. Generally, the output per mu is 4500 kg and the output value is 1000-1400 yuan.
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