Horizontal irrigation technology
Horizontal flooding irrigation technology is a kind of surface irrigation technology based on the application of laser controlled land fine leveling technology. It has been applied in the United States since the 1980s and has subsequently been popularized in many countries. The system is suitable for irrigation of a variety of food crops. Through rational system design and field management, horizontal irrigation systems in Putian can achieve irrigation effects comparable to those of pressure irrigation systems. It has the following advantages: An irrigation system that is very easy to manage.
When the ground flow is known, the water supply is controlled only by the water supply time. At the same time, because almost all the water that enters Putian is infiltrated into the soil and is used by crops or becomes a deep leakage loss, it is easier to determine the appropriate amount of irrigation.
A small fixed amount of irrigation for surface irrigation can be achieved. As the leveling of the ground has been greatly improved, a small fixed amount of water for surface irrigation can be achieved under suitable paddy specifications, ground flow, and soil infiltration conditions.
Irrigation effect is good. A well-designed, well-managed level of the Putian Irrigation System can minimize losses in the deep field and achieve high irrigation efficiency. Compared with other irrigation systems, its irrigation uniformity is greatly improved.
High land utilization rate. Due to the high precision of land leveling at the field level, the Putian standard is significantly larger than other surface irrigation systems, which simplifies the field project, improves land use efficiency, and facilitates the operation of large-scale agricultural machinery.
Significant increase in production. The improvement of the ground flatness improves the conditions of emergence and the planting environment. The increase in the uniformity of irrigation results in a more uniform growth of the crop, and the leaching loss of the fertilizer is also controlled, so that the crop is significantly increased in production.
Helps prevent soil salinization. Since the amount of water poured in is evenly distributed over the entire field and the water depth on the ground is even, the technology is more likely to leach harmful components from the soil than other surface irrigation methods and reduce residual salt in the soil.
Due to the use of laser-controlled flatland technology in foreign countries, China has been using conventional mechanical equipment for land leveling, resulting in a large difference in the leveling accuracy of the land; at the same time, the technology requires a higher flow rate, and only a larger water flow In order to meet the requirement of uniform distribution of infiltration water in the field, the final-elevation groundwater flux of the farmland irrigation engineering system in China is generally small, and it is difficult to meet the standard. Therefore, copying foreign technology is impractical. The National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation carried out the application research of this technology through the national key scientific and technological projects of the Ninth Five-Year Plan and achieved fruitful results. Based on the necessary improvement and support for the existing field irrigation project, the researchers used the laser control leveling technology to complete the field leveling work on the existing rake blocks, and reduced the unevenness of the undulations in the direction of the water flow. , Eliminate local backslopes, maintain suitable vertical slopes in the field, improve the speed of smooth flow of water in the field, and improve the leveling accuracy of the ground in the direction of vertical water flow to achieve a level-free state The elimination of the horizontal convex-concave obstacles in the horizontal diffusion of water is conducive to maintaining a high uniformity of the flow front and facilitating the rapid advancement of water flow to the appendix.
The precise land leveling method using this one-dimensional horizontal slope surface not only utilizes the precise functions of the laser control leveling technology, but also takes into account the advantages of the traditional flood irrigation methods and the basic conditions of the existing farmland. It is a kind of existing farmland irrigation system. A good way to save water.
When the ground flow is known, the water supply is controlled only by the water supply time. At the same time, because almost all the water that enters Putian is infiltrated into the soil and is used by crops or becomes a deep leakage loss, it is easier to determine the appropriate amount of irrigation.
A small fixed amount of irrigation for surface irrigation can be achieved. As the leveling of the ground has been greatly improved, a small fixed amount of water for surface irrigation can be achieved under suitable paddy specifications, ground flow, and soil infiltration conditions.
Irrigation effect is good. A well-designed, well-managed level of the Putian Irrigation System can minimize losses in the deep field and achieve high irrigation efficiency. Compared with other irrigation systems, its irrigation uniformity is greatly improved.
High land utilization rate. Due to the high precision of land leveling at the field level, the Putian standard is significantly larger than other surface irrigation systems, which simplifies the field project, improves land use efficiency, and facilitates the operation of large-scale agricultural machinery.
Significant increase in production. The improvement of the ground flatness improves the conditions of emergence and the planting environment. The increase in the uniformity of irrigation results in a more uniform growth of the crop, and the leaching loss of the fertilizer is also controlled, so that the crop is significantly increased in production.
Helps prevent soil salinization. Since the amount of water poured in is evenly distributed over the entire field and the water depth on the ground is even, the technology is more likely to leach harmful components from the soil than other surface irrigation methods and reduce residual salt in the soil.
Due to the use of laser-controlled flatland technology in foreign countries, China has been using conventional mechanical equipment for land leveling, resulting in a large difference in the leveling accuracy of the land; at the same time, the technology requires a higher flow rate, and only a larger water flow In order to meet the requirement of uniform distribution of infiltration water in the field, the final-elevation groundwater flux of the farmland irrigation engineering system in China is generally small, and it is difficult to meet the standard. Therefore, copying foreign technology is impractical. The National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation carried out the application research of this technology through the national key scientific and technological projects of the Ninth Five-Year Plan and achieved fruitful results. Based on the necessary improvement and support for the existing field irrigation project, the researchers used the laser control leveling technology to complete the field leveling work on the existing rake blocks, and reduced the unevenness of the undulations in the direction of the water flow. , Eliminate local backslopes, maintain suitable vertical slopes in the field, improve the speed of smooth flow of water in the field, and improve the leveling accuracy of the ground in the direction of vertical water flow to achieve a level-free state The elimination of the horizontal convex-concave obstacles in the horizontal diffusion of water is conducive to maintaining a high uniformity of the flow front and facilitating the rapid advancement of water flow to the appendix.
The precise land leveling method using this one-dimensional horizontal slope surface not only utilizes the precise functions of the laser control leveling technology, but also takes into account the advantages of the traditional flood irrigation methods and the basic conditions of the existing farmland. It is a kind of existing farmland irrigation system. A good way to save water.
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