Distiller's grains are a relatively wide source of feed and relatively high crude protein content. Due to the different raw materials used to bake wine, distillers grains are divided into types such as rice distiller's grains, corn distiller's grains, potato distiller's grains, and sorghum grain. Distillers grains, corn distiller's grains, and potato distiller's grains are usually pure raw material distiller's grains. They are not mixed with rice hulls and can be directly used for feeding livestock. However, these sources of distiller's grains are relatively small, and they are usually distiller's grains produced by rural farmer's own home-baked wines and small workshops. The batch size is small and does not scale. Sorghum Distillers' Grain is the main by-product of the production of cellar wine and liquor. This type of distiller's grains is bulky and the production is concentrated, but this kind of vinasses contains a large proportion of rice husks, which account for about 30% to 40% of the dried grains. Therefore, its texture is rough, its palatability to animals is poor, its crude fiber content is high (more than CF20%), its nutritional value is low, and its feeding effect is poor. Therefore, how to improve the nutritional value and feed value of this type of vinasses is a matter of common concern. Let's talk about some of our practices.
First, the rice husk of rice distiller's grain separation The purpose of the distiller's grain is to use distillers grains as a feed ingredient for pigs and poultry. In the production of white wine, about 15% of the rice flat grain and coarse rice husk are usually added to the sorghum in order to increase the fermentation effect. The rice husks in the distillers' grains account for about 35% of the dry weight of distiller's grains.
1. Distillers Drying Distillers dried to 12% to 13% moisture content is appropriate. If the distillers' grains are too dry, they need to be rehydrated for a period of time. After the water is increased to about 13%, rice husks are separated. Otherwise, rice hulls are easily broken, rice husks remain in the distiller's grains too much, and the coarse fiber of the distiller's grains is high, and the nutritional value is relatively low.
2. Pretreatment of rice husks before pre-separation There are two types of sorghum grain distillers who produce sorghum grain distillers. One is powder and the other is whole grain. Most manufacturers pulverize sorghum into powder before sorghum fermentation, and then mix it with rice husk fermentation. Some manufacturers use the whole sorghum to directly mix rice husk fermentation. After the powdery sorghum distillers dried, the sorghum grains stuck to the pits and surfaces of the rice husks. The appearance of the sorghum stalks was basically rice husks, and they were formed into small pieces. After the whole grains of sorghum distillers are dried, sorghum grains and rice hulls are visible, but they are basically all bonded into small pieces. Therefore, the pretreatment must be performed before the rice husk is separated.
Use type 40 or 50 hammer type crusher, rotating speed 600 to 800 rpm, take out the sieve in the machine, will dry the distiller's grain without screen hammer.
3. The powdered sorghum distiller powdered with rice hull separation hammer was separated by an oscillating sieve and sieved with 20 mesh. The nutritive value of the sieved material obtained was significantly higher than that of the original lees. If the sieved material is separated again with a 40-mesh sieve, the nutritional value of the obtained lees can be further increased. The entire grain of sorghum grain can not be separated from the rice husk by the sieve, and the rice wind is used to separate the husks. The wind force is equal to the wind power separating the grain from the valley.
Second, to feed the rice husk vinasse
1. The dried distiller's grains separated from the rice husk can be used as feed for pigs and poultry compound feed. Practice has shown that 10% to 20% of rice husk distiller's grain is used in compound feed for poultry and poultry, and 10% to 15% of rice husk distiller's grain is used in compound feed for egg and poultry.
2. Rice hull distillers grains accounted for 20% to 30% in pigs' compound feed, and the production effect was good. However, when the distiller's grains reach more than 35%, pig skin thickening and dulling will occur when the broiler is raised for about 30 days. In the sow diet, the rice husk vinasse should be controlled within 10%. The use of distiller's grains has led to miscarriage and fetal malformations.
Third, beating and fermentation
1. Distillers Distillers Beat the distiller's grains with a claw mill and make the rice husks fine. You can mix them directly with the concentrate to feed cattle and pigs. However, crushed rice hulls are still relatively hard, non-digestible and poorly palatability.
2. Fermentation of distillers' grains is best done by inoculating beneficial microorganisms such as yeasts to make the husks softened and then fed to livestock. The specific approach is:
Take fresh vinasse 600kg, corn flour 50kg, rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal 50kg, straw powder 150kg, add yeast strain 5kg, Rhizopus 3kg, feed compound enzyme preparation 2kg, mix thoroughly, add water to Water content is about 65%, and it is advisable to squeeze water by hand. After fully mixing, it is packed into a barrel, a cylinder, and a pool, and is tightly sealed. After 7 to 10 days, feeding of livestock is enabled, and the palatability and feeding efficiency are significantly improved. The average daily gain of hybrid hogs fed with 500 g of compound feed and 400 g of distiller's yeast fermented feed was 650 g per day, which could reach 90 kg from 105 kg for 20 days. Tests have shown that 250 kg of crossbred cattle can feed 2 kg of concentrate per day per day at the discretion of the distiller's fermented feed. The daily gain can reach 1,083 grams.
3. Mixing silage with silage, silage distiller's grain, grind the rice husk and mix silage with green fodder, not only can soften the rice husk, improve digestibility, but also increase the nutritional value of silage. Fengrun Agricultural Information Center
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