Pumpkins have different growth periods, and their nutrient absorption is different. Field management should be based on plant growth and soil fertility conditions as appropriate top-dressing, so as to achieve sufficient nutrient supply to facilitate high and high yields of plants.
Pumpkin has a well-developed root system and strong ability to absorb fertilizer. Before planting, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly decomposed organic fertilizer, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer to promote the growth of pumpkin; base fertilizer has two types: broadcast and concentrated application Method, the spreading is generally combined with deep ploughing. After evenly spreading organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, use the screw plough to rake twice to make the fertilizer and the soil evenly mixed. When there is less fertilizer, ditching and concentrated strip application are generally adopted, and the fertilizer can be applied in the sowing row.
The top dressing of pumpkins during the growth period is mainly based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers, combined with the application of phosphate fertilizers and potassium fertilizers, according to the needs of different growth periods of pumpkins. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main topdressing in the seedling stage, and the purpose is to promote the growth of seedlings. In the fruiting stage, it is not only necessary to supply sufficient nitrogen fertilizer, but also require timely supplementation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to ensure that the fruit is fully expanded. Spray Zhuangguatilin during the expansion period to improve the ability of the plants to absorb water and fertilizer, promote the rapid expansion and development of pumpkins, and produce high yields. After the pumpkins are harvested, to prevent premature aging of the plants and increase later production, a small amount of organic fertilizer can be applied. If you do not harvest tender melons, but prepare to harvest mature melons, you don't need to top-dress in the later stage, only watering and drainage measures are needed.
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Plant extraction process
1. Select plants/medicinal materials. It is nothing more than ancient prescriptions, proven prescriptions, and folk medicinal herbs. At present, common and uncommon medicinal materials have been studied. Most of the time, the amount of medicinal materials has been increased to extract low-isolated components, or medicinal plants have not been studied from Miao medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Africa, Latin America and other places.
2. Extract. Solvent petroleum ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, water (small polarity → large polarity). Daily decoction of medicines is effective, use water and ethanol and other solvents with high polarity. Artemisinin and other boiling methods are not effective, use petroleum ether and other solvents with low polarity. The common medicinal materials, water/alcohol/ether, are presented again, and more compounds can be separated and identified.
3. Separation. This is the most important task. There are dozens of compounds in the solution extracted in the second step. Generally, column chromatography is used, which is what we often call column flushing. The workload is large, boring, and low-tech. A master's degree may do this every day for 2 years of experimentation. As shown in the figure below, the column for separating compounds is as large as 2 meters high and as small as 10 cm. Change the solvent conditions of the mobile phase, change the material of the column, and repeatedly wash the column under different conditions and separation principles to separate the monomer compound.
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