When spring arrives, people can smell the fragrant smell of orchids. Many people are not afraid to work hard to get a fragrant orchid, use the holiday to dig a few trees in the mountains, or sell a pot at the market and plant them on their own balcony. Watch its beautiful Tianzi and enjoy its fragrant fragrance. However, due to the lack of experience in the management and maintenance of orchids, this year's flowers and leaves are pleasing to the eye, and the leaves will not be seen in the next year. In the following year, they cannot see the flowers and leaves. According to this kind of situation, I would like to introduce to the orchid enthusiasts about the various links that we must take in order to cultivate good orchids. In the cultivation process of Chunlan, there are many factors that affect Chunlan's growth and flowering, but the most important one is to grasp the five main links. , that is, soil, light, ventilation, watering, fertilization. Here are some of the practices that are described around this topic. First, the election soil: plant material is the food and clothing of orchids. The cultivation of Chunlan is very particular about soil selection. The quality of plant material is closely related to the growth and development of orchids. There are many types of plant materials commonly used in Chunlan cultivation: For example: (1) Mountain mud. Among them, weathered stone is the most ideal, weathered stone filtering water, basin water does not accumulate water, only a little moisture, and the orchid grows. (b) Emei Xiantu. These soil mineral elements are more complete and easy to use. (c) Orchid mud. After the orchid mud is collected and transported, it is fine to take fine, flat and thinly spread on the ground to expose the sun, so that it can be sterilized by ultraviolet rays, and then sieved through the screen to remove impurities. Others include Lanki Stone, Bark, etc. Nowadays, people often use orchids to mix several types of materials, commonly known as “three in onesâ€. For example, large pottery soil is used for the bottom layer of the pot, middle medium grain is mixed with medium-sized broken bricks, and the upper layer is mixed with orchid mud. Brick grain. Integrate the characteristics of each plant material to create complementarity and make the plant material more reasonable. In short, Chunlan's requirements for soil are: loose soil, low viscosity, no compaction, and rapid water seepage. Must have a certain mud absorption and moisturizing, can not dry out. To have a reasonable humus, that is, fertilizer is reasonable and appropriate. Choosing a good soil plays an important role in the success of future care. Second, light: Although Chunlan is a negative-negative plant, but it does not mean that the sun is not, sunlight is one of the main factors for the growth and development of Chunlan, is the necessary conditions to maintain life, but the intensity of light exposure in various seasons Different lengths. Therefore, people have a one-sided understanding of Chunlan's joy and ignorance. When cultivated, it is always loved to place it in rare sunshine. Since the light required for each period is not satisfied in the growth stage, the stems and leaves are thin, and it is not possible to grow stamens, and many diseases and insect pests occur. Light is the main factor affecting the growth and flowering of Chunlan. Plants rely on sunlight for photosynthesis and produce nutrients that are essential for their growth. Chunlan's life activities and growth, and the formation of flower buds all require full illumination. The formation of chloroplasts in blue plants, the opening and closing of stomata, transpiration, absorption of nutrients in water, proliferation of cytoplasm, and air humidity are all affected by light. In the original land of Chunlan, the mountain yin and leaves are long and thin, but the blue and green leaves of the mountains are short and the flowers are blue. However, excessive sunlight may cause the temperature of the leaf surface of the orchid plant to increase and damage the orchid plant. Therefore, when the light is too strong, Chunlan needs shading, so that the photometry becomes soft. Chunlan's light-receiving rate is generally about 40%, which is best because the seasonal changes in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the intensity of sunlight radiation in the day are not equal, and the best sunshine required by orchid plants is astigmatism, which requires shading nets to regulate And control. In the cultivation of Chunlan, it is common to start sunshading when going in the spring and end the sunshade after the Mid-Autumn Festival. Late autumn, winter and early spring should be fully lighted. In fact, the morning sun is most conducive to orchid growth, and the sooner the better. Because the morning sunlight is most beneficial to the photosynthesis of orchids, all the conditions of the orchid farm must be selected with good ventilation and plenty of sunshine in the morning. In the case of a long period of cloudy days or lack of light, orchid strains cannot grow normally and must be supplemented with high-pressure sodium lamps to promote the growth of orchid plants. Third, ventilation: a good ventilation environment is a necessary condition for raising blue. In places where artificial orchids are cultivated, there are few native conditions and conditions, and ventilation is generally not good. The ventilation is not good. If the temperature is high, this is not the preferred environmental condition of Chunlan. If the temperature is high, the orchids seem to grow in a hot and humid suffocating bathroom. Under such environmental conditions, every time the water is poured and once the fertilizer is applied, the orchid will suffer a disease, even a serious illness. The obvious symptom is the tip of hair. Black, and leaf spot black spots continue to cause orchids the most deadly disease (soft rot), which is one of the reasons. When planting Chunlan, fill in some thicker plant material at the bottom of the pot in order to avoid no accumulation of water and ventilation. Ventilation ventilation in raised blues is not only in the basin, but also ventilation in the site. The pots are placed on the shelf and the pelvic floor is left empty so that the bottom hole of the basin can be ventilated. The ancients said: "Rising ventilation on the noodles is the top priority." Ventilation of Chunlan is more important than ordinary plants. The photosynthesis of Chunlan during its growth is dependent on carbon dioxide in the air. At night, it absorbs oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide. Therefore, a good ventilation environment can promote air circulation, provide fresh air to accelerate photosynthesis, prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, and promote the healthy growth of Chunlan. Watering: Water is one of the material bases for plant growth. Water is used as a transportation tool in the plant body to absorb minerals through the root tissue and disperse minerals, nutrients and other major substances throughout. It can be seen that the most important thing is to water the cultivated plants, and raising orchids is no exception. How to water properly is the key to the success or failure of breeding orchids. The ancients said: "Lanxiyu and awe-inspiring, hi moist and damp-weak, hi dry and bogey dry." The dry and wet state of the orchid basin, according to the size of the plant material, basin, orchid plant growth, cultivation sites, The temperature varies according to local conditions. Cultivation and management can adopt culture methods that meet their respective conditions. We must carefully observe how long it takes for our orchids to dry completely. Too much or too much water will affect the blue plants. Watering can not be fixed time but should seize the opportunity to master the principle of dry pouring, pouring is thorough. Although the plant material on the surface of the blue pot is dry, there is often sufficient water in the pot. This must be carefully observed. In any case, each watering must be irrigated, so that the orchid plant sucks enough water to store it in the bulbs and roots and leaves, making it a storehouse that absorbs moisture. At the same time, the leaching can wash away various salts and various rots in the plant material, which is conducive to the normal growth of orchid roots. As for wet and dry judgments, there is no other way than patience and experience. When Langgen absorbs the necessary moisture, it should allow the roots to breathe in the blue basin, otherwise it will suffocate, and the air and moisture are as important as the root absorption of Chunlan, so the plants must be slightly dried during the watering interval. In this way, the air can be better circulated to the root tip. Because the air and water cannot be combined in one place, if watering is too much, the plant material will contain too much water and cause poor ventilation, which can easily lead to rotting. When watering, it is important to note that the temperature of the water should be as close as possible to the temperature in the orchid room. All clean water can be used, tap water is generally used in the city, tap water is stored for 24 hours, and chlorine is volatilized before use. Fifth, fertilization: Chunlan accelerated growth and flowering, must rely on fertilization, appropriate timely fertilization, is an important part of raising a good orchid. Most of Chunlan's original habitat is 300-1200 meters away from the sea, where the original ecology is sunny, trees, grass, shade, ventilation, fog, high temperature, good drainage, ammonia in the air is very soluble It is absorbed by roots and leaves in water without nitrogen fertilizers. These places have fertile humus soils and are rich in nutrients and are complete. Orchid flower pots, due to limited soil nutrients, must be artificially supplemented. The nutrients that orchids absorb from the soil include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, and trace elements such as zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum, and boron. If adequate amounts of these elements are added to the soil, it is very beneficial to the growth and flowering of orchids. The principle of fertilizing orchids is to use "thin fertilized plants and avoid sudden thickening of fertilizers." This means that if you don't do it, you will not be able to do more or more. How to fertilize? As Zhu Keluo's "The First Scent" in the Qing Dynasty recorded: "Be careful not to make sudden changes in your skin, and fat green must not be thin for a long time." It is appropriate to consider the color of the leaves and thin fertilization. Yellow and thin leaves should be applied light fertilizer, black leaves and coke is hurt in the fertilizer, dry leaves and hair should be watering, to make all the leaves soft, natural light. In general, during the vegetative period of Chunlan, primary buds and young seedlings, before the bulbs reach to maturity, most of the nutrition produced by photosynthesis will supply the blue plant growth, while less storage will require more nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. Should be less, so that blue plants grow. After vegetative growth, proteins and sugars produced during photosynthesis are stored in bulbs and leaves for flowering or sprouting. During this period, there must be more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and less nitrogen fertilizer. In order to promote the production of protein, sugar and other nutrients in orchid strains, the bulbs will become full and ripe. When the bulbs mature, they will promote germination and flowering. Fertilization is a risky move to cultivate orchids. If you want to fertilize and you want to prevent fertilizer damage, remember the following four points: (1) The principle of fertilization: don't overdo it, don't overdo it too much. Because the amount of fertilizer is small enough to still receive the corresponding effect, and too much excess can not escape the fat injury. (2) Tips for fertilization: The same concentration of fertiliser should be used in light of the health status of orchids, the size of blue pots, and the number of blue seedlings. (3) Taboos for fertilization: Old, weak, and sick plants should not be applied. In the hot summer, cold weather, and rainy weather, as well as orchids that have just been down and blue plants that have just changed pots, it is absolutely impossible to fertilize them. (D) do not apply a single fertilizer. All kinds of fertilizers should be used alternately to ensure the completeness of the fertilizer, so that the complete fertilizer can germinate and bloom more. Do not use single fertilizer. In addition, irrigation and foliar fertilization, try not to put fertilizer into the heart and sheath sheath (especially new grass), resulting in fertilizer evapotranspiration or difficult to absorb, so that often rotten seedlings occur. Spray the leaves to be sure that the leaves are dry within 1 hour. In short, in the daily management of Chunlan, how to master several key links such as soil selection, lighting, ventilation, watering, and fertilization is entirely based on the gradual exploration and accumulation of each person in practice, as conditions vary widely. Can not be generalized.
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