Vegetable heat damage prevention measures
In summer and autumn, when vegetables encounter an abnormally high temperature, normal growth and development of plants will be affected, causing high temperature and heat damage. Usually manifested as slow growth of plants, poor flower bud differentiation, pollination and fertilization are affected, fruit drop and fruit malformation increased; fruits and vegetables are prone to sunburn, the diseased part is sunlit gray or light white leathery, tissue necrosis Hard, often decayed due to saprophytic infection. In order to prevent the occurrence of high-temperature heat damage, a variety of defense measures should be taken in addition to heat-resistant and disease-resistant varieties.
The cultivation method is reasonably densely planted so that the stems and leaves shade each other. Intercropping with high stalk crops, using high stalk crop shade. When the tomatoes are pruned over the summer, leave 2 to 3 leaves in the upper part of the ear to shade the sunscreen. After cabbage, broccoli and other balls are picked, the peripheral leaves are removed and covered on the leaves to avoid direct sunlight. After the cucurbit crops are covered, the upper side of the grass can be covered and the bottom pad can be used to prevent sunburn and rotten melon.
With water cooling the summer and autumn high temperature season, timely irrigation can improve the microclimate in the field, reduce the temperature by 1~3°C, and reduce the direct damage to flower organs and photosynthetic organs caused by high temperature.
In the high temperature season, the top-dressing fertilizer is sprayed successively with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, superphosphate and ash leaching solution, which is not only beneficial to cooling and humidification, but also can supplement the moisture and nutrition necessary for the growth and development of vegetables, but when spraying Must increase the amount of water, reduce the spray concentration. In addition, tomato spray 0.2% ~ 0.3% longer than the 0.1% zinc sulfate or copper sulfate solution, can increase the heat resistance of the plant, with 2.4-D dip flower or painted, can prevent high temperature drop and promote ovary enlargement.
Artificial sun shading above the vegetable field to build a simple shade awning, covered with branches or crop straw, can make the temperature drop 3 ~ 4 °C. Vegetables grown in plastic greenhouses cover shade nets in summer and autumn to cool down 4 to 6°C and prevent heavy rain, hail and locust from directly harming vegetables.
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