When we produce drinking mineral water, we often use ultrafiltration and ozone sterilization technology. What role do they play in mineral water production?
In the production of drinking mineral water, ultrafiltration technology and ozone sterilization technology are the key to the entire production process and are essential for the production of qualified products.
Ultrafiltration and ozone sterilization are two concepts: ozone can be used for sterilization; while ultrafiltration can not be used for sterilization, but it can intercept something with a certain molecular mass and let something of relative molecular mass pass. When a material with a small pore size is selected, the bacteria can be trapped and the water can pass.
1. The bactericidal effect of ozone in mineral water
Ozone (O3) is a strong oxidant, and both inorganic and organic substances in water are easily oxidized by ozone. Therefore, ozone is unstable and requires it to be prepared and used on the spot.
Ozone is produced by exciting oxygen molecules in compressed air by a corona discharge method. The equipment used is an ozone generator. Ozone can destroy or decompose the cell wall of bacteria, rapidly diffuse into the cells, oxidize and destroy the protease-causing bacteria in the cells, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid sterilization. At a certain ozone concentration, the bacteria can be killed in 1 to 10 minutes. However, some bacterial spores or spores of Bacillus or mold have strong ozone resistance. Therefore, in the production of mineral water, it involves the technical problems of how to use ozone correctly.
Under normal conditions, mastering the four factors of ozone operation can usually achieve the purpose of sterilization. These four factors are: Q (flow), A (contact area), V (speed), T (time).
Q refers to the amount of ozone given per unit time and the amount of water to be treated. That is, how many milligrams of ozone are used per liter of water; A refers to the area where ozone is in contact with water. The contact area between ozone and liquid is as large as possible, the longer the stroke is better; V refers to the flow rate of ozone supplied per unit time and the flow rate of the inlet and outlet water per unit time, which is related to Q; T refers to the time during which a certain concentration of ozone interacts with water. The ozone must be kept in contact with water for a sufficient period of time.
The aqueous ozone solution has a strong bactericidal effect, and the required concentration is low and the effect is fast. When the concentration reaches 2mg/L, it can kill microorganisms such as bacteria and spores for 1 minute; killing bacterial propagules requires 3mg/L. In fact, different types of microorganisms, ozone sterilization concentration is different.
In ozone sterilization, it is important to know the amount of residual ozone remaining in the water in a timely manner. Mineral water producers must be equipped with an ozone analyzer to perform online analysis of the remaining ozone.
2. The role of ultrafiltration in the production of mineral water:
The mineral water is subjected to coarse filtration, fine filtration, fine filtration and ultrafiltration treatment, and finally intercepts sediment, bacteria, mold, algae and some microbial nutrients in the mineral water. Ultrafiltration is the last filtration and it works great. When ultrafiltration is performed using a membrane having a membrane pore diameter of 0.01 μm to 0.001 μm, the pore diameter of the membrane is less than 0.2 μm, and the phage can be filtered out, and the filtration clarification effect is far superior to the general filtration. Some fine precipitates and fibers can also be removed to prevent them from coalescing automatically during the rest of the product.
In the production process, two filtration sterilization and one ozone sterilization can be used:
Raw water → coarse filtration → fine filtration → ultrafiltration → security filtration → ozone sterilization → security filtration → filling.
Through "two filtration and one kill", the algae, impurities and microorganisms in the water are removed to ensure the quality of the product. Security filtration after ultrafiltration, especially after ozone sterilization, is added because it can remove bacteria and bacteria, but bacteria, algae and mold have strong vitality. "Sneaked net molecules" have to make waves, and with the security filter, the bacteria in the net can be intercepted.
Some people think that ultrafiltration removes the active ingredients of mineral water, which is a misunderstanding of membrane technology. The ultrafiltration of 0.01 μm is a macroporous, and its molecular weight of interception is about 100,000, which absolutely cannot block the passage of ions.
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