Codonopsis high yield cultivation techniques
Codonopsis is named after the "Shangdang County" and is a perennial herbaceous vine of Campanulaceae. Take root medicine. Distribution northeast, northwest and other provinces. At present, the largest cultivated area is in Wuyuan County in our province, which has the reputation of "the hometown of Chinese Codonopsis." Pharmacological experiments have shown that Codonopsis can increase blood glucose, increase the amount of red blood cells and hemoglobin, increase blood concentration, reduce white blood cells, and reduce blood pressure and promote coagulation. Sweet, sexual. There is qi, blood, Sheng Jin function. For the spleen, eat less loose stools, tired limbs, shortness of breath, cough, speechlessness, blood deficiency, dizziness, palpitation, dry tongue, thirst, etc.
1. Introduction of plant characteristics and varieties
1.1 Plant characteristics. The root is conical, fleshy, and the top is swollen with most of the stalks, commonly known as the "lion's head." The twined stems are more branched and can reach a height of 2 meters. The young part has fine white hair, leaves alternate, opposite or false, round or oval egg-shaped, nearly heart-shaped at the base, body section with milk, with a special odor. The flower is light green and has stems. Capsule conical, most of the seeds are small, brown and shiny; flowering from August to September, fruiting from September to October.
1.2 species introduction. At present, there are many Codonopsis production areas with complex varieties and names. According to the regional proximity and quality, the products are divided into five types: the West Party, the East Party, the CCP Party, the Party, and the White Party. The West Party and the East Party are wild products, and the rest are Home variety.
2. Biological characteristics
2.1 Growth and development. The cool climate of Codonopsis is more suitable for growing in high mountain areas with an altitude of 1,800--3,000 meters.
2.2 Requirements for environmental conditions. High temperatures are detrimental to their growth. The light requirements are strict, the seedlings are pleasing to the shade, and the seedlings are grown to be hi yang. Codonopsis avoids continuous cropping, and it is even prone to pests and diseases. The Codonopsis pilosula crop is best served with potatoes.
3, cultivation techniques
3.1 Site preparation. Nursery should be selected semi-shady slope, loose soil fertile, humus and more, well-drained sandy loam. Mushi circle fertilizer 2000--3000 kilograms, diammonium phosphate 20--30 kilograms, superphosphate 30--50 kilograms, and then ploughing, squeezing, leveling made flat. 3 to 5 meters wide, depending on the length of the terrain. Transplanting colonization requires shade. Planting on hillside land is not as good as sloping land.
3.2 breeding methods. Use seeds to reproduce, often using seedling transplanting, less use of live.
3.2.1 nursery. The seeds of the current year were sown before and after the white dew, and the germination rate was 85%. The seeds of the current year were also sown in the spring and summer of the second year, but the germination rate was low. The germination rate of Chen seeds every other year is less than 10% and cannot be used. Seedlings were selected fertile, shady plots, deep leveling, fine boring and irrigating. Sprinkle the seeds evenly with a 3--5 cm nail, and cover with straw. Seedbeds often spray water to keep the soil moist. Mu seed used 2--3 kg. The Dangdang Miaotian is not top-dressing to prevent leggy. After the seedlings are removed, the cover is removed. When the seedlings are about 6 cm high, appropriate seedlings are used to prevent excessive growth and timely weeding.
3.2.2 transplanting. After the late autumn or spring, the soil is thawed and raised. Do not injure the roots of the seedlings. Remove the sick plants and tie them in small pieces. The autumn planting can increase the survival rate. On the whole ground, the row spacing is 25--30 centimeters, the depth is about 15 centimeters, and the ditch is planted. Then the seedlings are placed along the 10 cm of planting distance, and the cover soil is 5 centimeters. Seedlings per acre 40--50 kg.
3.3 Field Management
3.3.1 Cultivating weeds and top dressings. After cultivation or transplanting, Codonopsis pilosula is used for the first time when the height of the seedling is 6-10 cm. When the height of the seedling is 15-18 cm, it is combined with top dressing for the second time. Codonopsis pilosula growth period should not be excessive water, adequate drought when the amount of water, topdressing with urea or phosphate fertilizer 10-15 kg / acre.
3.3.2 scaffolding and seed collection. When the codonopsis pilosula is 30 cm high, use bamboo rods or branches to insert lines between the rows so that the vines will be tangled with them. If the vines are too dense, the branches may be properly thinned to facilitate ventilation. When the fruit changes from green to yellow-white, when the seeds turn yellowish-brown, the stems are cut off and dried, shaking the seeds, removing the impurities, storing them in a cloth bag, and placing it in a dry and ventilated place. If you do not pick the seeds, you can cut them at any time when they are more than 30 centimeters long.
3.4 Pest Control
3.4.1 Rust. It is easy to attack in wet and humid seasons. Control methods: After Dendrobium nobile seedlings are dried, the garden is cleaned in a timely manner and the diseased leaves are burnt. In the early stage of the disease, 500-600 times of zeocin was sprayed; or triadimefon 600--800 times.
3.4.2 Root rot. Cold and rainy seasons are easy to attack. Prevention: Pay attention to drainage. At the beginning of the disease, the roots were watered with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times.
3.4.3 Underground pests. There are mainly earthworms, ground tigers, and golden worms, which harm the roots. 3911, phoxim, etc. can be used for poisoning. The method is: Mu 3911 or phoxim 0.50 kg, 5 kg of water, mix in 10-20 kg of oil residue, throw it in before turning the soil, and turn it with caustic so as not to reduce the efficacy.
4. Harvesting processing Generally, one year after transplanting, dig out the roots, shake off the soil, dry them to the softness according to their size, and then dry them by hand and then dry them repeatedly for 3 to 4 times. Codonopsis pilosula production areas also have a method of classifying the roots according to their size, using nylon ropes to grow 3--5 meters in length, and hanging them on racks that have been set in advance. The advantage of this method is that it can save the drying space and it is conducive to ventilation and drying. Thick bars, tight skin, soft and sweet taste are preferred. The dry rate is about 2:1. The yield per mu is 300--400 kg.
1. Introduction of plant characteristics and varieties
1.1 Plant characteristics. The root is conical, fleshy, and the top is swollen with most of the stalks, commonly known as the "lion's head." The twined stems are more branched and can reach a height of 2 meters. The young part has fine white hair, leaves alternate, opposite or false, round or oval egg-shaped, nearly heart-shaped at the base, body section with milk, with a special odor. The flower is light green and has stems. Capsule conical, most of the seeds are small, brown and shiny; flowering from August to September, fruiting from September to October.
1.2 species introduction. At present, there are many Codonopsis production areas with complex varieties and names. According to the regional proximity and quality, the products are divided into five types: the West Party, the East Party, the CCP Party, the Party, and the White Party. The West Party and the East Party are wild products, and the rest are Home variety.
2. Biological characteristics
2.1 Growth and development. The cool climate of Codonopsis is more suitable for growing in high mountain areas with an altitude of 1,800--3,000 meters.
2.2 Requirements for environmental conditions. High temperatures are detrimental to their growth. The light requirements are strict, the seedlings are pleasing to the shade, and the seedlings are grown to be hi yang. Codonopsis avoids continuous cropping, and it is even prone to pests and diseases. The Codonopsis pilosula crop is best served with potatoes.
3, cultivation techniques
3.1 Site preparation. Nursery should be selected semi-shady slope, loose soil fertile, humus and more, well-drained sandy loam. Mushi circle fertilizer 2000--3000 kilograms, diammonium phosphate 20--30 kilograms, superphosphate 30--50 kilograms, and then ploughing, squeezing, leveling made flat. 3 to 5 meters wide, depending on the length of the terrain. Transplanting colonization requires shade. Planting on hillside land is not as good as sloping land.
3.2 breeding methods. Use seeds to reproduce, often using seedling transplanting, less use of live.
3.2.1 nursery. The seeds of the current year were sown before and after the white dew, and the germination rate was 85%. The seeds of the current year were also sown in the spring and summer of the second year, but the germination rate was low. The germination rate of Chen seeds every other year is less than 10% and cannot be used. Seedlings were selected fertile, shady plots, deep leveling, fine boring and irrigating. Sprinkle the seeds evenly with a 3--5 cm nail, and cover with straw. Seedbeds often spray water to keep the soil moist. Mu seed used 2--3 kg. The Dangdang Miaotian is not top-dressing to prevent leggy. After the seedlings are removed, the cover is removed. When the seedlings are about 6 cm high, appropriate seedlings are used to prevent excessive growth and timely weeding.
3.2.2 transplanting. After the late autumn or spring, the soil is thawed and raised. Do not injure the roots of the seedlings. Remove the sick plants and tie them in small pieces. The autumn planting can increase the survival rate. On the whole ground, the row spacing is 25--30 centimeters, the depth is about 15 centimeters, and the ditch is planted. Then the seedlings are placed along the 10 cm of planting distance, and the cover soil is 5 centimeters. Seedlings per acre 40--50 kg.
3.3 Field Management
3.3.1 Cultivating weeds and top dressings. After cultivation or transplanting, Codonopsis pilosula is used for the first time when the height of the seedling is 6-10 cm. When the height of the seedling is 15-18 cm, it is combined with top dressing for the second time. Codonopsis pilosula growth period should not be excessive water, adequate drought when the amount of water, topdressing with urea or phosphate fertilizer 10-15 kg / acre.
3.3.2 scaffolding and seed collection. When the codonopsis pilosula is 30 cm high, use bamboo rods or branches to insert lines between the rows so that the vines will be tangled with them. If the vines are too dense, the branches may be properly thinned to facilitate ventilation. When the fruit changes from green to yellow-white, when the seeds turn yellowish-brown, the stems are cut off and dried, shaking the seeds, removing the impurities, storing them in a cloth bag, and placing it in a dry and ventilated place. If you do not pick the seeds, you can cut them at any time when they are more than 30 centimeters long.
3.4 Pest Control
3.4.1 Rust. It is easy to attack in wet and humid seasons. Control methods: After Dendrobium nobile seedlings are dried, the garden is cleaned in a timely manner and the diseased leaves are burnt. In the early stage of the disease, 500-600 times of zeocin was sprayed; or triadimefon 600--800 times.
3.4.2 Root rot. Cold and rainy seasons are easy to attack. Prevention: Pay attention to drainage. At the beginning of the disease, the roots were watered with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times.
3.4.3 Underground pests. There are mainly earthworms, ground tigers, and golden worms, which harm the roots. 3911, phoxim, etc. can be used for poisoning. The method is: Mu 3911 or phoxim 0.50 kg, 5 kg of water, mix in 10-20 kg of oil residue, throw it in before turning the soil, and turn it with caustic so as not to reduce the efficacy.
4. Harvesting processing Generally, one year after transplanting, dig out the roots, shake off the soil, dry them to the softness according to their size, and then dry them by hand and then dry them repeatedly for 3 to 4 times. Codonopsis pilosula production areas also have a method of classifying the roots according to their size, using nylon ropes to grow 3--5 meters in length, and hanging them on racks that have been set in advance. The advantage of this method is that it can save the drying space and it is conducive to ventilation and drying. Thick bars, tight skin, soft and sweet taste are preferred. The dry rate is about 2:1. The yield per mu is 300--400 kg.
Chinese red date/slice
Chinese red date grow in various area in China, such as Ningxia (NX), Xinjiang (XJ), Shaanxi (SN), Shanxi(SX), Henan(HA) and Hebei(HE) etc. Due to our company location, we do have Chinese red date from Ningxia (NX), Xinjiang (XJ), Shaanxi (SN) and Shanxi (SX).Chinese red date also known as Jujube is a fruit grow on a small tree. The fruit is an edible oval drupe. When immature it is smooth-green, with the consistency and taste of an apple, maturing red-brown to purplish-black, and eventually wrinkled, looking like a small date. There is a single hard seed similar to an olive pit. Our company processed high quality dry dates, and have various kind of side product such as red dates circle, Red Date Slice and dice, each have different grades.
Chinese Red Dateslice,Dried Red Dates,Red Dried Jujube Slice,Red Date Slice
Ningxia Shun Yuan Tang Herbal Biotech Co., Ltd. , https://www.nxshunyuantang.com