Fertilizer is the most economical and effective fertilization method. It is when sowing or transplanting, the fertilizer is applied near the seeds or mixed with the seeds to feed the crops at the beginning of growth. Since the fertilizer is applied directly to the seed, it is necessary to strictly control the amount and select the fertilizer species so as to avoid burning and rotten seedlings, resulting in the lack of seedlings and ridges.
Fertilizers can be applied in various ways, such as seed dressing, soaking, sticking, axillary or rooting. Seed dressing is the use of a small amount of water, the fertilizer is dissolved or diluted, sprayed on the surface of the seed, while spraying and mixing, so that the fertilizer solution evenly stained on the surface of the seed, dried seeding after a method. Soaking is to dissolve or dilute the fertilizer solution into a solution with a certain concentration. According to the ratio of 1:10 of the liquid, soak the seeds in the solution for 12-24 hours so that the fertilizer solution infiltrates into the seed coat with the water, and sows immediately after drying. The root of a root is a solution of diluted fertilizer to a certain concentration (usually 0.01-0.1%) for rice and other transplanted crops before transplanting or transplanting. The roots of the crop are inserted into the fertilizer solution and inserted. The survival rate is high, the operation is convenient, and the effect is good. After the ditching or digging, the fertilizer is applied to the 3-5 cm ditch and hole in the cultivating layer, and then the seed is planted in the vicinity of the fertilizer belt. The seed fertilizer is kept at a distance of 3 cm or more.
Fertilizers used as seed fertilizers require faster release of nutrients and cannot be over-acidic or over-alkaline. The fertilizer itself has no toxic effects on seed germination. Fertilizers commonly used as seed fertilizers include decomposed organic fertilizers, humic acids, amino acid solids, liquid fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, and quick-acting fertilizers. Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, and urea should not be used as fertilizer in principle. The biuret in urea has a toxic effect on the seed. If it is used as a seed fertilizer, it must be strictly controlled and the amount of biuret should be less than 2% of urea, 2.5 kg per mu. Available nitrogen fertilizer 2.5-5 kg ​​per mu; ammonium phosphate or three-element compound fertilizer 2.5-5 kg; humic acid, amino acid liquid fertilizer diluted 600-800 times; micro fertilizer generally diluted to 0.1%-0.05%.
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