Sakura is a deciduous tree that thrives in full sunlight, is cold-tolerant, and can withstand drought. It prefers well-drained, loose, and fertile soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. However, it is sensitive to salt and alkaline conditions, and should be planted in areas where the soil is not too compact. Sakura also dislikes strong winds during its flowering period, and it has strong sprouting ability with fast growth.
Soil requirements and improvement measures:
Sakura grows best in sandy loam or clay loam soils rich in organic matter. In southern regions where the soil tends to be heavy, it's common to mix the native clay with homemade compost made from fallen leaves, soil, chicken manure, and charcoal powder. It’s important to break up any large clay clods before mixing, as this ensures better soil structure and drainage. In areas with a high water table (less than 1 meter), raised planting is recommended—dig a hole, level the bottom, and plant the tree on top of the improved soil. In northern regions with alkaline soils, sulfur powder or ferrous sulfate can be used to lower the pH to around 6. A typical application is about 2 grams of sulfur per square meter, which lasts for 1–2 years. Regular testing is needed to ensure the pH doesn’t exceed 7.
Yamazakura, Yoshino, and other varieties have straight trunks and large canopies. They are vigorous and require good sunlight and air circulation. Each tree should receive adequate light once they mature.
Planting measures:
The best time to plant sakura is right after the ground thaws in early spring, typically in February or March. Before planting, prepare a hole that is 1 meter wide and 0.8 meters deep. Fill the hole halfway with improved soil, place the sapling in the center, and spread the roots evenly. Add some soil, lift the tree slightly to ensure the roots are fully extended, and gently press down. The planting depth should be 5 cm above the ground level. After planting, create a water basin around the base and water thoroughly. Support the tree with a bamboo stake to prevent wind damage.
Management measures:
After planting, the young trees are vulnerable to drought. Watering should be done again within 8–10 days to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Mulching with a thin layer of grass helps reduce evaporation. For the first 2–3 years, straw can be used to protect the trunk from drying out. After this period, the tree will develop new roots and become more resilient.
During the growing season, fertilize twice a year. Use acid-based fertilizers, such as organic materials like bean cake or compost in winter, and quick-acting fertilizers like ammonium sulfate or superphosphate in autumn. For larger trees, an "acupuncture" method can be used—dig a circular trench around the canopy and apply fertilizer. As the tree grows, the trench should be widened and deepened accordingly.
Sakura has shallow roots, so the area around the tree must remain free from foot traffic, animals, or vehicles. Trampling can weaken the tree and even lead to root rot.
Pruning and conservation:
Prune to remove dead, leggy, or overlapping branches, as well as those affected by pests. On large cherry trees, keep only the strongest branches and cut back the rest at the base to improve air circulation. Disinfect all cut areas with a suitable solution to prevent bacterial infections. Prolonged sun exposure can damage the bark, leading to decay. Affected areas should be cleaned, disinfected, and treated with a mixture of rotten soil and charcoal to promote recovery.
Pest control:
Glue-like moths may lay eggs on the trunk. Remove them manually, improve soil quality, and maintain proper watering and fertilization. If the roots are not growing properly despite adequate nutrients, the tree may be diseased. In such cases, remove the affected parts and disinfect the soil using humus, charcoal powder, and beneficial microbes.
For pests like aphids, spider mites, and scale insects, prevention is key. Apply insecticides 3–4 times a year—once before flowering, once after, and once between July and August. Regular monitoring and timely action are essential for healthy growth.
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