Pufferfish disease

1. Causes

Fish fin diseases are primarily caused by different types of pathogens, and can be categorized into three main types: myxobacterial fin disease, protozoan fin rot, and Chinese sturgeon-related fin disease. Myxobacterial gill rot is most common between April and October, while protozoan infections typically peak from July to September. The Chinese sturgeon-related fin disease usually occurs between June and October. Understanding the cause of the disease is essential for effective treatment and prevention.

2. Symptoms

Infected fish often display darkened bodies and sluggish behavior, swimming near the surface or in the middle of the water. They may exhibit difficulty breathing, lose their appetite, and eventually stop eating altogether. When the gill covers are opened, visible signs of infection vary depending on the cause. In cases of myxobacterial fin disease, the inside of the gill cover appears eroded with a translucent appearance, and the gill filaments and cocoon turn yellowish-white. Protozoan-caused fin disease leads to swollen gill tissues, excessive mucus, and a half-moon-shaped decay at the edge of the gill. The cocoon may appear red. For Chinese sturgeon-related fin disease, the end of the cocoon swells, with fly larvae hanging out, and the affected area turns white.

3. Prevention

Regular monitoring of water quality is crucial for preventing fish fin diseases. Maintaining clean water by adjusting water levels and performing timely water changes helps reduce the risk of infection. Before stocking fish, it’s important to disinfect the water to eliminate harmful pathogens and create a healthier environment for the fish.

4. Treatment

Once a disease is detected, it’s important to identify the cause before applying treatment. For myxobacterial gill disease, 20–30 kg of lime per 0.067 hectares or 1 kg of bleaching powder can be applied to the pond. For protozoan-related gill disease, a mixture of 1.5 kg of copper sulfate and 0.5 kg of ferrous sulfate per 0.067 hectares is recommended. In the case of Chinese sturgeon-related fin disease, 100–150 g of crystal trichlorfon per 0.067 hectares can be used as a treatment. It's always advisable to consult with an aquatic veterinarian or expert to ensure proper dosage and application methods for optimal results.

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