After rice was transplanted, some of them did not return green, or they did not give birth to it after returning to green, and some grew slowly and gradually shrank. This phenomenon of stagnant growth was called production of stiff seedlings or sitting worms and occurred after a Seedlings have less effective tilling, more ineffective tillers, less panicles, fewer grains, generally 20-30% less production, and severe reductions of more than 50%. Therefore, the prevention of complications is one of the important measures to seize the high yield of rice.
I. Poisonous virus
1. Symptoms: The seedlings return slowly to the green, the leaves are blocked, the clusters stand, and the roots are dark brown with old leaves dead.
2. Prevention and control measures: (1) Digging drainage ditch or ditch to reduce groundwater level, discharge cold inundation water and rust water, increase soil permeability, increase oxygen and temperature, reduce toxic substances in soil, and promote rice root growth. (2) Pig manure and other organic fertilizers should be fully cooked before use, the amount should not be too large. In particular, the amount of green manure is generally not more than 2000 kg/mu, and it should be turned over 15 days before seedlings are transplanted, and 50 kg of quick lime should be applied per acre to promote its maturity. (3) After poisoning of seedlings, 50-100 kg of quicklime and a small amount of barley are applied per acre.
Second, phosphorus deficiency type
1. Symptoms: The seedlings grow slowly after returning to green, and they are not tillered. The plants are short; the leaves are not covered, the leaves are grayish green or dark green, and the tips are purple when they are severe; the roots are stunted, mostly yellow roots.
2. Prevention and control measures: (1) excavation of ring field ditch, ring ditch, central drainage ditch and field lateral ditch, so that the water can be drained, dark water can be filtered, cold water is not burdock, in order to increase soil temperature, increase soil oxygen, Promote the normal development of the root system. (2) In combination with cultivator, top-up superphosphate 20-25 kg per mu.
Three-deficient potassium seedlings (rape blight)
Symptoms: Growth is halted, the plants are short, and there are few tillers; there are auburn spots or plaques on the leaves, and the spots and plaques slowly become streaks, causing the entire leaves or the whole plant to become auburn; the rice roots appear tan, Aging rot, black stench, and even rot.
2. Prevention and control measures: timely drainage of open field, combined with cultivator, top-down black and white ash (3 pieces of plant ash, 1 piece of lime) 50-100 kilograms per acre, and topdressing a certain amount of nitrogen to promote the absorption of potassium by rice.
Fourth, cold damage type
1. Symptoms: Delayed emergence of leaves, delivery, poor root development, yellowing of the leaves, dry tips, and stagnant growth.
2. Prevention and control measures: (1) Rotation in dry and flood fields, groundwater irrigation in shallow water, deep plowing and intensive cultivation, and warming and oxygenation; (2) Drainage of open fields, spreading about 500 kilograms of plant ash per acre, and improving the microclimate in the field.
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