Seedling production is one of the most critical steps in vegetable farming. If you can grow strong and healthy seedlings, you've already achieved more than half of the success in your vegetable cultivation. As temperatures drop, maintaining proper environmental conditions—like temperature and light—becomes even more crucial. Without this balance, seedlings may not develop properly, especially for crops like eggplants. These plants undergo flower bud differentiation during the seedling stage. For example, tomatoes begin this process at the three-leaf stage. If the conditions aren't right, poor flower bud development can directly impact both the quantity and quality of the fruit.
Based on years of practical experience, it's clear that creating optimal temperature conditions during the early stages significantly benefits later growth. Delaying the sowing time for eggplants and tomatoes can lead to better growth, higher yields, and improved product quality in the long run. Therefore, it's essential to provide better heating conditions to support this strategy.
To explain this in detail, we’ve invited Jiang Shanshan, a senior technical advisor from the Kunshan City Vegetable Garden, to share her insights with farmers.
The main goal of seedling cultivation is to produce seedlings that are well-suited for their planting time, ensuring they grow vigorously and achieve high yields after being transplanted or sold. Research has shown that age-appropriate seedlings outperform leggy or over-aged ones in terms of early maturity and productivity.
Strong seedlings are those that are sturdy, disease-free, resilient, and capable of rapid growth after transplanting. They should have normal physiological traits: fully developed leaves without spots or pests, thick stems, and a vibrant green color. Their root systems should be well-developed, with white roots and plenty of fine hairs. The stem should be short and thick, and the plant should have the right age and accumulated heat for optimal development.
In general, there are five key roles of seedling production. First, it helps shorten the growing period in the field, maximizing land use. Second, it allows for controlled environmental conditions during the seedling stage, promoting early growth. Once the field is ready, the plants are transplanted, extending the ideal growth window. Third, it reduces the use of resources like seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides. Fourth, it saves labor. Lastly, it enables long-distance transportation of seedlings.
In Sichuan, where solanaceous crops need to survive the winter during the seedling stage, the seedlings often become longer in age. This makes seedling cultivation essential. Most farmers now use greenhouses for insulation to protect against frost. In some cases, additional heating equipment is added to help seedlings withstand cold weather more effectively.
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