Seedling production is one of the most critical steps in vegetable farming. Successfully growing strong and healthy seedlings can be considered as achieving more than half of the success in vegetable cultivation. As temperatures drop, maintaining proper environmental conditions—like temperature and light—is essential for seedling growth. If these conditions are not properly managed, especially for crops like eggplants, the seedlings may struggle to develop properly. For example, tomatoes begin flower bud differentiation at the three-leaf stage, and if the environment isn't suitable, this process can be disrupted, directly affecting fruit yield and quality.
From years of practical experience, it's clear that providing good temperature control during the seedling stage allows for later planting of eggplants and tomatoes, which benefits their growth, yield, and quality in the long run. Therefore, creating better artificial heating systems to delay sowing time is crucial.
To explain this in detail, we have invited Jiang Shanshan, the technical director of the Kunshan City Vegetable Garden, to share his insights with farmers.
The main goal of seedling cultivation is to produce seedlings that are well-suited for their planting time, ensuring they grow vigorously and achieve high yields after being transplanted or sold. Studies have shown that age-appropriate seedlings outperform leggy or over-aged ones in terms of early growth and productivity.
Strong seedlings are those that are vigorous, disease-free, resilient to stress, and capable of rapid growth after transplanting. They exhibit normal physiological traits such as full, healthy leaves without spots or pests, thick stems, and a robust root system with white roots and plenty of fine hairs. The stem should be short and sturdy, and the seedling must be at the right age with sufficient accumulated heat units.
In general, there are five key roles of vegetable nursery: first, it helps shorten the field growth period and improves land use efficiency. Second, it allows for controlled environmental conditions during the seedling stage, promoting early growth. Once the field is ready, the plants are transplanted, extending the optimal growth window. Third, it saves on production materials like seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and equipment. Fourth, it reduces labor costs. Lastly, it enables long-distance transportation of seedlings.
In Sichuan, where solanaceous vegetables require winter survival during the seedling stage, the seedlings often become older, making nursery cultivation necessary. Greenhouses are commonly used to protect them from frost, and some growers add artificial heating systems to improve cold resistance.
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