The premature aging of cotton plants means that when the cotton plants enter the flowering boll stage, when the growth center turns to the reproductive organs, if the fertilizer and water are insufficient, the cotton plants are malnourished, and the bells and vegetative organs compete for the organic nutrients produced by the leaves, which further inhibits the vegetative growth. After such a cotton plant has picked up several cotton bolls in the middle and lower parts of the plant, the upper part of the cotton plant appears to have a pointed heart, a hard hair, a red stem to the top, and a thin and yellow leaf, etc., which causes a decline in nutrient growth. This is the premature aging of the cotton plant.
Premature aging cotton plants generally appear in cotton fields with poor soil rigidity, poor fertility, poor root growth, and relatively small root groups; or insufficient fertilization during flowering and boll seasons, and the cotton fields that fail to grow with water after fertilization and cannot normally grow roots Or low-lying, poor drainage, cotton fields that hinder the growth of roots; premature cotton, if the field management measures can not keep up, it is prone to premature aging. In addition, cotton plants with severe verticillium wilt and lack of potassium in the soil will have premature aging. Prevention of premature aging of cotton requires comprehensive measures:
1. Strengthen fertilizer and water management. The shortage of fertilizer and water is the main cause of premature aging of cotton. According to the seedlings, climate and land conditions, the flowers and bells should be reused, such as the shortage of flowers and bells. Drought should be timely drought, water to promote fertilizer, to ensure timely play fertilizer effect. For example, due to soil potassium deficiency caused by premature aging of cotton, it should be applied at the same time as basal fertilizer and seedling bud stage. Potassium fertilizer (potassium sulphate or potassium chloride) 5 to 10 kg per acre according to different places.
2, extend the leaf functional period. The functional period of normal leaves is generally about 8 weeks. However, due to the effects of insect pests such as cotton bollworm, blind stink bug, and red spider, and diseases such as verticillium wilt and red leaf blight, the blades are damaged or fall off, which reduces the function of leaves and accelerates premature aging. Therefore, we must control insect pests, reduce disease, and extend the function of leaves.
3, root growth. The root is the main organ for absorbing fertilizer and water, and the weak root system is the direct cause of premature aging of the cotton plant. Therefore, during the bud period, we must do a good job of deep cultivating, ditching, soil cultivation, deep fertilization, and promotion of rooting. The deeply rooted and well-developed root system absorbs a large amount of water and fertilizer, and has strong resistance to stress and can effectively prevent premature aging. If there is much rain in the later period, the cotton field should be drained in time to prevent water damage and delay root function decline.
4, timely topping. Fine pruning, removal of ineffective buds, buds after the beginning of autumn or after the white dew all the flowers removed to reduce consumption.
5, foliar spray fertilizer. Late August to late September is the late stage of cotton growth. The absorption function of cotton roots on nutrients has been significantly reduced. At this time, five kinds of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and boron are applied to cotton leaves to prevent premature aging. Promote the role of early maturing, disease prevention, anti-dropping bells, and big peaches, with a significant effect of increasing production and income.
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