Vegetable soilless seedlings is a method of substituting nutrient solution instead of soil and carrying out seedling cultivation under artificially controlled comprehensive environmental conditions. This method can not only shorten the seedling age, improve the quality of seedlings, eliminate disease, reduce the cost of nursery, but also can promote the early maturity of high yield and quality of vegetables, increase economic efficiency, it is worth the current promotion. The technical highlights of soilless seedlings for vegetables are described below:
Prepare the substrate
Preparing the substrate is one of the key links in soilless nursery. Should choose good ventilation, water retention, suitable pH (PH value between 6.5 ~ 7.0) as a substrate material, such as crushing slag, peat, carbonized rice husk, carbonized corn stalk, etc. can be used as a nursery substrate, can be used alone It can also be used in equal amounts.
In general, the substrate is prepared at 0.1 cubic meters per square meter of nursery area.
Build seedlings
In nursery sites, depending on the width and width of 1.5 meters, depending on the topography and area requirements, dig 6 to 12 centimeters deep (12 to 14 centimeters deep with brewing objects), level, and use earth or bricks to make it. The soil is mixed with brewing material, and then the plastic film (used in the old film) is placed in the pot. It is about 20 cm long, about 15 cm wide, and 6 to 8 mm thick holes for ventilation and seepage. Spread a 2 to 3 cm thick substrate on top and sow after leveling. Or use wooden boxes, wooden troughs, etc. as nursery utensils, plastic sheets to prevent water leakage, and put 2 to 3 cm thick substrates inside until they are sown.
Sowing time
Soilless seedlings have a shorter seedling age than conventional seedlings. For example, cucumbers need only 36 to 40 days, tomatoes need 50 to 60 days, and sweet peppers and eggplants take 70 to 80 days, depending on the appropriate cultivation period for different vegetables. Push to the required number of days of seedlings to determine the seedlings for growing vegetables
time.
With nutrient solution
The nutrient solution requires a comprehensive nutritional composition and a suitable concentration. The pH value is preferably 5.5 to 6.5.
The specific method is: In every 1000 liters of water, add 400 grams of urea, 450 ~ 500 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 grams of boric acid, zinc sulfate 0.22 grams, 2 grams of manganese sulfate, 3 grams of sodium sulfate and 0.05 grams of copper sulfate, fully Dissolve and serve.
Fine sowing
Vegetable seeds can be disinfected with a 200-fold formalin solution and washed after repeated washing. The substrate is moistened with a nutrient solution before sowing. The sowing density can be 3 to 4 times that of ripening soil, covered with a film after sowing.
Pre-management
During the emergence period, the temperature is controlled between 25 and 30°C, and the relative humidity of the air is kept above 85%. After emergence, let the seedlings receive light and lower the temperature. After the cotyledon is flattened, the nutrient solution is started again, and it is generally provided twice a week. It is advisable to supply the fluid to keep the substrate moist.
The temperature during the whole nursery period is 2~3°C lower than that of the ripening seedlings, and sufficient light is required at the same time.
Before the transplant, the nutrient solution is sprayed and the substrate in the nursery pot or pan is fully moistened to stabilize the pH.
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