Basic knowledge and development trend of biological sample library

The meaning of the biological sample library

With the advent of the post-genomic era, the study of genes has led to the birth of new research methods and methods, which have strengthened the connection between basic medicine and drug research and clinical medicine, enabling people to understand environmental and human genetic molecules more accurately. The interaction between them in order to accurately describe the nature of the disease, thereby improving the current diagnosis and treatment of the disease, resulting in the rapid transfer of knowledge and results obtained from basic research into clinical treatment from the laboratory to the hospital bed. The new method, and the implementation of the new method in turn to verify the theory found in the basic research or the establishment of new theory, is called (B2B, Bench to Bedside) model, also known as Translational Medicine (Translational Medicine).

Significant applications of translational medicine cover the following two points:

1. The application of novel biomarkers in clinical disease detection;

2. Speed ​​up the research of new drugs.

The application of translational medicine is inseparable from the results of basic research, which needs to be supported by large sample and big data information. Therefore, a specialized and standardized biological sample bank (Biobank) needs to be established to collect and utilize biological samples, biological information and data on a large scale and efficiently to ensure the needs of translational medical research. This method is of great help to improve the efficiency of scientific research and has a significant role in promoting the development of translational medicine.

Standardization and development trend of biological sample library

As stated in the article "Analysis of Biological Samples in Functional Genome Research Organizations - 2000 Analysis", the current inventory of biological samples in China is as follows:

(1) Single retention mode: only paraffin or liquid nitrogen;

(2) Unpaired collection: tumor, adjacent to cancer, normal;

(3) Incomplete collection of samples: only tissue or blood (whole blood, serum, plasma), lack of important body fluids;

(4) Incomplete clinical information: lack of treatment, follow-up;

(5) The depth and breadth of research are severely limited;

(6) Consumables, sampling time, transportation, etc.;

(7) Lack of standardization process, quality control, safety guarantee, information management system, lack of professional team;

(8) The hospitals, departments, and internal experts are closed and divided;

(quoted as a sample library best practice ISBER 2012 data)

Based on the above reasons, through investigations, there are not many “golden banks” and “value stores” in many domestic biological sample banks, and there are also some “garbage warehouses” and “dead banks”.

Through the discussion, experts from the China Medical Biotechnology Association organized the biological sample library to discuss the contents of the standardized biological sample library:

(1) A Theory Committee + B Informed Consent Form

(2) C physical library (technical standardization) organization (cancer, adjacent to cancer, "normal"), (liquid nitrogen, formalin, etc.) serum, plasma, whole blood, pancreatic juice, urine feces, ascites, CTC, liver Cells, microorganisms (bacteria - Hp and drug-resistant strains - intestinal microflora, viruses, etc.), cells; environment: water, soil, crops, etc.

(3) D qualified derivatives: DNA, RNA, protein, microRNA pathogens, cells, etc. (third party control)

(4) E clinical database (common clinical information database) clinical data (life history C / A, clinical pathology, treatment, follow-up)

(5) F research database - sharing mechanism

(6) G Translational Medicine (Collaborative Innovation and Transformation)

(quoted from the best practices of the biological sample bank ISBER 2012 data)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid development of modern biotechnology, molecular genetics has made great progress. The research on the protection and development of human genetic resources at home and abroad is strong. Scientists from all over the world generally believe that the development trend of biological sample banks Should have the following characteristics:

(1) Standardization: such as passing industry standard certification, national standard certification, qualification and certification.

(2) Specialization: The construction of the biological sample library needs to be completed by a professional team, relevant research groups and research institutes.

(3) Characteristicization: The construction of the biological sample bank is not based on the principle of quantity, but should be based on the principle of quality and shared use.

(4) Informatization: Make full use of computer technology and network technology to realize data sharing and prepare for the construction of China virtual sample database.

(5) Intensification: The large-scale resource library under the premise of standardization, such as the third-party storage center - biological bank.

(6) Internationalization: Internationalization in the management of biological sample bank management education and quality control standards.

(7) Value: The joint construction and sharing of resource pools between research institutions and countries within each country, and the full application of mechanisms.

(8) Automation: high-end, high-efficiency, high-quality, safe

(quoted from the best practices of the biological sample library ISBER2012 data)

Hamilton products are used in the field of biological sample libraries

The daily sample processing of the biological sample library usually includes the following parts: (1) biological sample collection and collection; (2) biological sample preparation, such as blood sample component packaging; (3) biological sample and data information storage; 4) Biological sample processing and outbound supply, such as nucleic acid extraction.

Founded in 1947, Hamilton's liquid handling workstation technology and automated sample storage technology are leading the world. In the field of biological sample library applications, Hamilton can provide a one-stop solution to automate all workflows based on the daily sample processing of the biological sample library.