The wolfberry has the characteristics of high nutritional value, fast growth, simple management, high feed conversion rate, and strong fertility, so it is greatly favored by the majority of breeders. Keeping quail is a promising project for special poultry breeding. Now we will introduce the main points of breeding and management techniques at different growth stages so as to help the beginning raisers learn reference. First, the feeding and management of the brooding period 1. To provide appropriate temperature and humidity, warmth, fear of wetness, and sensitivity to over-cooled overheating. Since the body weight of the cockroach shell is only 13-14g, although the whole body is covered with hair, its body temperature regulation ability is poor. Therefore, whether or not the temperature is appropriate is the key to the success or failure of the brood. According to the production practice, the temperature requirement for the first week of the young chicks is 37-36°C, and then 1 to 2°C per week thereafter. The specific temperature should be controlled flexibly according to the performance of the young chicks. 2. Provide a good indoor living environment The young quail grows fast, the metabolism is vigorous, and the artificial rearing density increases, so the room needs to have sufficient fresh air to meet the needs of the rapid growth and healthy development of the young quail. To do this, under the premise of ensuring the indoor temperature, it is necessary to do a good job in ventilation and ventilation. Within 3 weeks, you can open the skylight for ventilation. Afterwards, you can choose warm and windless weather to open the front window for ventilation. Absolutely do not allow the cold wind to directly reach the youngsters. Body. Indoor environmental disinfection and equipment hygiene have a great influence on the survival rate of the chicks. Therefore, the sink should be cleaned 2 to 3 times a day. Before each feeding, the remaining material in the trough must be cleaned, and the sink and trough should be cleaned. Every 2 to 3 days, the potassium permanganate solution was used to wash once; the excrement in the room should be removed in time, and it should be disinfected twice a week. 5. Providing a suitable lighting system Proper lighting time and intensity play a significant role in the life of cockroaches. Therefore, scientific light management must be provided. For species breeding, light intensity is 15 to 201x for 24h light from 0 to 1 week, 16h light at 1 week, and intensity 51x. At this time, the light is too strong, which easily leads to the occurrence of earthworms. Therefore, it should be sufficient. Pay attention. After that, you should gradually reduce the lighting time to natural light. The minced meat can be used daily for 20 hours from the second week with an intensity of 51x. Generally, the meat can be seen. 4. Adjust the feeding density in the house in a timely manner. During the brooding period, the density of the house should be determined according to the growth stage, the ambient temperature, and the brooding method. Density beyond the limit of its scope of activities, prone to spasm or squeeze, which will affect the growth and development and if the survival rate of pupae is too small will reduce the use of buildings, utensils and artificial utilization, thereby reducing economic efficiency. Its reference density: 1 to 10 days of age 80/m2; 11 to 30 days of age 50/m2; 31 to 90 days of age 5/m2 5. Timely food and drinking water must be given within 24 hours of shelling. Clean warm water, ~ ~ 1h after hatching water supply, most of the chicks can eat after drinking water, start eating food will be sprinkled on the bait board or newspaper to lure, after a week instead of using the food trough. The starter diet is soft, easy to digest and nutritious. You can use cornmeal to add eggs, or mix feed. There must be enough slots in the house, and the troughs and sinks should be staggered so that you can drink water after eating. The materials should be supplied according to certain standards, and the remaining materials should be cleaned in time. The recommended standard for each dose: 1 week old 8g/d, 2 weeks old 13g/d, 3 weeks old 8g/d, 4 weeks old 21g/d, 5 weeks old 23g/d, 6 weeks old 25g/d. 6. Do a good job domesticating and improve the adaptability to the external environment Wilderness is strong, and can not fully adapt to the artificial domestication environment. A certain degree of environmental stimuli should be given on the first day after hatching, such as light and shade alternating, feeding Changes in sequence and operating procedures, sound stimulation, etc., to adapt to the artificial domestication environment as quickly as possible, to obtain a variety of different impressions, in order to minimize the occurrence of stress in feeding management. Second, the rearing period of the rearing and management period of the breeding period can be used in the way of laying on the ground in the house. Indoor laying of clean, fresh, soft grass, there are conditions to take care of the Internet. Grounds should be set up in the outdoor sports grounds. Breeding density: free-range on the ground, with the same area as the indoor sports room. Requirements for rearing conditions under this type of rearing mode: 1. Density 7 to 10 weeks old 30/m2, 11 to 28 weeks old 15/m2. 2. Light requirements During the breeding period should be given 14h light every day, the intensity of 5 ~ 101x. 3. Repair repairs before and after 10 weeks of age, should be repaired at night. The method is to use a broken device for poultry, cut 1/3 to 1/2 in the upper palate and 1/4 to 1/3 in the lower palate, and trim both sides with scissors. 4. Feeding method Seed meal using compound feed, feeding 3 to 4 times a day, daily feeding amount of 30 ~ 35g. In the daily management work, 5% to 10% of individual body weight should be measured every 2 weeks. If uniformity is found to be uneven, timely grouping should be adopted, and feeding and management should be strengthened for weak lice. Its general management is the same as that of young children. Preservatives for use as seedlings should be based on the results of the test. If they exceed the standard body weight, they should be considered to limit feeding, so as not to affect the performance of future eggs. The general body weight reference standards are as follows: 195 to 205 g for 7 weeks, 240 to 250 g for 8 weeks, 310 to 320 g for 10 weeks, 380 to 390 g for 12 weeks, 490 to 500 g for 14 weeks, and 600 to 610 g for 16 weeks. 5. Immunity of the disease prevention and control lice is mainly immunized with Newcastle disease. The immunization procedure is: 7 to 10 days of age, Newcastle disease II lineage seedlings eye drops + 1/2 dose inactivate oil seedling neck subcutaneous injection, 25 to 30 days Age, Newcastle disease II system dripping nose +1 dose of inactivated oil seedlings subcutaneously injected into the neck, 80 days of age as HI titer can be recharged I line seedlings once. The early stage of disease prevention and control of cockroaches is mainly to prevent coccidiosis and chronic respiratory anaemia to prevent Salmonella infection, especially to prevent caecum hepatitis (blackhead disease). Third, breeding and management of adult species should be conducted up to 28 weeks of age. The second individual selection should be carried out, followed by grouping in a ratio of 1:3 and sub-cage feeding. During this period, the main points of feeding and management are: Feeding nutritious feed with full nutritional value, careful scientific and rational feeding and management, and a quiet and stable living environment. 1. Feed and Feed Requirements After selection of seed pods, the nutritional level of the feed should be promptly adjusted to appropriately increase the crude protein content of the egg-laying mash and the nutrient level by 18.2%, crude fiber by 2.9%, calcium by 2.3%, and phosphorus by 0.69%. In addition, the species of egg-laying quail should not be changed, and the quality should be guaranteed. It is forbidden to feed moldy feed. At the same time, the feeding procedure should not be arbitrarily changed. The amount of feed and the nutrient level of the ingredients can increase as the egg production increases, but the change should be a gradual process and cannot be changed suddenly. 2. Temperature and Humidity Control The suitable temperature for laying eggs is 7.5～24°C, ideal temperature is 16～17°C. Appropriate temperature can promote the appetite of the species, maintain good activity, high egg production and fertilization rate. high. The relative humidity requirement of the cocoon during the production period cannot be ignored, and the optimal range is 50% to 55%. 3. Light requirements During the production period of the cockroach, the lighting time must not be shortened. However, the increase of light must be carried out gradually. It should not be changed abruptly. In order to give full play to the potential of laying eggs, the light is usually maintained at 15 to 16 hours during the production period, and the light intensity is 10.761 x. The late stage of laying can be appropriately increased to 17 hours. 4. Feeding Environment Requirements During the laying period, stress stimuli should be minimized, and it is necessary to ensure the quietness of the hut. The cleaning work in the house is carried out according to the fixed personnel of the program, and the feed and feed varieties should be kept relatively stable. It is necessary to allow the cockroach to adapt to the feeding and operating procedures before opening the production, effectively avoiding or reducing the stress response during the laying period. 5. The type of docking life is generally used for 2 years, and the introduction of high-quality seeds can be considered for use for 3 years. However, in the entire breeding process, light procedures should be strictly observed in order to better play the egg production potential of the next two years in order to achieve the purpose of improving economic efficiency. IV. Feeding and management of meat larvae The rearing and management of meat larvae may be based on the feeding and management of brooding and breeding during the previous period, but it is also necessary to focus on: after two weeks of age, the level of feed energy and protein should be appropriately increased. At the same time, the number of feedings should be increased to 6 times per day; different temperatures should be given for different periods of growth, from 36 to 35°C in the first week, and from 1 to 1.5°C to 12 weeks per week thereafter. Maintaining a constant temperature at 24°C should minimize the influence of stress factors and avoid excessive light, irritating odors, noise, and rude capture. Meat breams are best implemented in all-in and all-out systems. Practice has proved that the best market age for broilers is 14 to 16 weeks of age. At this time, feathers grow completely, the body weight has reached 500 to 600 g, and the feed conversion rate is the highest. (Mao Sheng, Animal Husbandry Bureau of Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province)
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