Effect of Temperature on Broilers

Temperature is the primary condition for normal growth and development of broilers. The principle of brooding to temperature is: high in early period and low in late period; weak and high in young and strong in young; small in high and large in group; high in rainy days, low in sunny days, high in night and low in daytime. Changes in temperature should be gradually and steadily carried out in accordance with the growth of age and temperature, and must not change at any time. The higher the starting temperature, the lower the incubation temperature than the hatching, or the chicks do not adapt, the group does not want to fight the heap, not to eat, not normal growth. Usually 1 to 2 days old brooding temperature (back height or 5 cm height on the web) is 34 ~ 35 °C, temperature 27 ~ 29 °C. Afterwards, the temperature is lowered by 3°C every 7 days, and the temperature is reduced to about 21°C by the 28th day. This temperature is maintained thereafter. In order to reduce the temperature, we must maintain a balanced cooling. We must also consider the weather conditions. The slow cooling rate is not conducive to feather growth; the cooling rate is too fast, the chicks are not adapted, the growth rate is reduced, and deaths are increased.

Whether the brooding temperature is appropriate or not depends on the behavior of the flock. It is not possible to measure temperature alone, but it is mainly adjusted according to the behavior of the chicks. When the temperature is appropriate, the chicks are active and lively, with a strong spirit, brisk sound, smooth feathers, good appetite, moderate drinking water, and excrement strips. After a full meal, the chicks are evenly distributed on the ground (online), and the head and neck straighten to sleep. There is no strange state or restless cry. The house is quiet. When the temperature is low, the chicks are slow to move, concentrated around the heat source or crowded in a corner, and emit a "quack" sound, which is slow and uneven in size. In severe cases, a cold or diarrhoea causes death. When the temperature is high, the chicks are far away from the heat source, and they lose their energy. They squat on the ground, spreading their wings and wheezing. A lot of drinking water, loss of appetite, high temperatures will lead to a large number of heat-ill chickens die.

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