Eight complementary measures to improve the reproductive performance of dairy cows
1. Shorten the interval between calving
Since the cow's gestation period is relatively stable at about 280 days, the length of the cow's calving interval is determined by the length of the postpartum period. Therefore, postpartum estrous and affection fertility can be regarded as two conditions that determine the length of the cow's calving interval. Shortening the calving interval not only increases the reproductive rate, but also increases milk production. After the cows have been delivered for a certain period of time, drug treatment, promotion of reproductive function recovery, shortening of postpartum estrus, timely mating after childbirth, early diagnosis of pregnancy after mating, and timely induction of estrus in empty cows are important measures to shorten the interval between calving.
2. Strengthen perinatal management
In view of the fact that the postpartum cow's appetite recovery is later than the peak of lactation, it is recommended that the perinatal cows be reared with the “guide methodâ€. Pay attention to the adjustment of body condition, stabilize the supply of forage and feed, and avoid sudden replacement of feed, causing the cow to develop diarrhea due to its inability to adapt to high-energy feed. From the last 2 weeks of cow dry milk, until the peak of lactation after calving, the amount of fine concentrate is gradually increased in proportion to the amount of high-quality roughage daily.
3. Maintain moderate exercise
For intensively raised dairy cows, proper exercise can improve the body composition of the cow, promote the metabolism of the cow, and increase the vitality of the reproductive system such as the ovary. It is recommended to artificially drive twice a day for 20 minutes each time in the stadium to make it suitable for exercise. This will help prevent obstetric diseases and improve reproductive performance.
4. Obstetric disease treatment
(1) Intrauterine administration: For cows suffering from endometritis and a normal estrus cycle, treatment is performed by intrauterine administration. Experiments have shown that injecting drugs into the uterus during estrus is effective. For cows suffering from catarrhal endometritis, 1-2 capsules of Miyadukang can be directly injected into the uterus during estrus, and can be cured after 2 days; once for cows with pus-like vaginal fluids, Firstly, add 5 "Lutze" to the uterus with normal saline. After discharging the empyema, inject 1-2 doses of "Miyakang" into the uterus and receive good injections every 2 days. Treatment effect; For the more serious endometritis suffering from cattle, available saline 50-100 ml plus penicillin (800,000 units / branch) 2 and streptomycin (1 million units / branch) 3, mixed 1 times Injecting into the uterus, when the next episode of insemination, will receive a more satisfactory therapeutic effect.
(2) Intramuscular injection: After uterine injection, oxytocin or cloprostenol can be intramuscularly injected at the same time. This can increase the excitability of the uterus and strengthen the contraction of the uterine smooth muscle, which promotes drug absorption. At the same time, it helps to rapidly discharge uterine empyema and dirt to cleanse the uterus.
5. Strengthen postpartum care
After cows are delivered, the natural function of the uterus can be restored through the cow's endogenous hormones. However, the changes in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the blood before delivery and the relative imbalance in the ratio will make the uterine smooth muscle less sensitive to oxytocin. The weakening of uterine muscle contraction leads to dystocia, thereby prolonging the recovery period of the uterus. Based on the above reasons, after 1 week of puerperal injection, 500 ml of physiological saline containing “exposed net†was injected into the uterus, and after perfusion, the uterus was gently massaged to expel the uterus with the flushing fluid and rinsed once every 3 days. . Inject oxytocin by intramuscular injection to enhance the contractility of uterine smooth muscle and accelerate the discharge of lochia. In order to avoid the occurrence of metritis, after the lochia is drained, it is injected into the uterus and then flushed with normal saline every 3-5 days to complete the purification. At this time, the uterus has basically recovered. In order to avoid the occurrence of persistent corpus luteum, it is recommended to intramuscularly inject two cloprostenol intramuscularly 18-21 days post partum to strengthen the uterus and ovaries and promote its estrus as soon as possible.
6. Drug-assisted fertilization
If the follicle has not ruptured and ovulated 12 hours after the sperm reaches the fallopian tube, the egg cannot be fertilized. In order to increase the fertilization rate of the egg, drugs can be used to promote ovulation, ensuring that the sperm and the egg meet in an effective time after insemination.
(1) After insemination, intramuscular injection of gonadotropin-releasing hormone can rapidly mature follicles and ovulate them, increasing the chance of egg fertilization.
(2) Intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin. The use of ovulation-promoting drugs can accelerate the ovulation of mature follicles to prevent the inadvertent occlusion of follicular development due to the deficiency of endogenous hormones.
(3) For bred cattle with recessive endometritis, 2 penicillin (800,000 units/piece) and 3 streptomycins (100,000 units) are added with a small amount of physiological saline 4 to 6 hours after insemination. / Branch) Inject into the uterus after mixing evenly to increase the conception rate.
(4) Sodium selenite vitamin E injection. Under normal circumstances, the mortality rate is highest when the bovine embryo develops to 5-12 days, which is directly related to the lack of selenium and vitamin E in the bovine body. Therefore, it is recommended that 30-50 ml of sodium selenite vitamin E injection be injected intramuscularly on the day of cow insemination in order to avoid early embryonic death of the pregnant cow and increase the conception rate.
7. Hormone induced estrus
Shortening the lassitude period is an important measure to ensure a proper interval between calving and increase the average annual fertility rate. In order to induce cows to heat in 60 days postpartum, it is recommended to use reproductive hormones to induce estrus. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone was injected within 30-40 days after the cow was born. After 1 week, the injection of chloroprostaglandin had a good therapeutic effect on postpartum complications due to ovarian static and other reasons.
8. Safety and health insemination
The use of a domestic disposable cannula-type insemination gun, each cow with a plastic casing, can prevent cross-infection of diseases such as metritis, vaginal Trichomonas, prevent healthy cattle from being infected.
our company has ran Mineral Products Trading many years,we have close relationship with them,The relationship between mankind and chemical industry is very close, universal access to all aspects of life. In modern life, chemical products can not be obtained almost anytime, anywhere. From the material life such as clothing, food, shelter and transportation to the spiritual life such as culture and art, entertainment and so on, all require chemical products to serve them. Some chemical products play an epoch-making role in the history of human development. Their production and application even represent a certain historical stage of human civilization. As a category of knowledge, chemical industry has many kinds of decomposition or comprehensive classification methods in different historical periods and under different demands. According to the source of raw materials, product classification, but also in accordance with the law of history, history classification. Each division method is difficult to strictly adapt.
This volume seeks to reduce unnecessary crossings, a comprehensive classification of methods designed from the raw materials of fuel chemical branches; from the product of inorganic chemicals, basic organic chemicals, polymer chemicals, fine chemicals and other branches; from the common The branch of chemical engineering proceeding from the regularity of the process, and the comprehensive branch proceeding from historical development and horizontal linkages. Fuel chemical raw materials are oil, natural gas, coal and oil shale and other combustible minerals, so it is divided into petroleum refining industry, petrochemical, natural gas chemical, coal chemical and shale oil industry.
Among them, the oil refining industry is to create a higher output value of the industrial sector is the country's important economic lifeline. Natural gas is often symbiotic with petroleum and natural gas chemical industry is often attributed to petrochemical industry. At this stage, oil refining and petrochemicals are the main fuel chemical industry. Products produced by the fuel and chemical industries include fuels and chemical raw materials, which are mainly organic chemical raw materials (except for the syngas used in the production of inorganic chemicals such as synthetic ammonia). Therefore, the petrochemical industry is also a major part of the basic organic chemical industry.
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