Kiwi fruit bagging involves several technical steps, including selecting appropriate bags, thinning fruits, setting them properly, spraying, and protecting the fruit during growth. The process also includes timely removal of the bags before harvest.
The paper bags used are typically single-layer beige wax-coated wood pulp bags, measuring 15–18 cm in length and 11–13 cm in width. They feature a central opening and a wire on one side for securing. The lower corner is cut open by 2–4 cm to ensure good ventilation and durability. These bags are designed to be waterproof while still allowing air circulation, which helps prevent disease and maintains fruit quality.
Fruit thinning is an essential step in kiwi cultivation. It involves removing excess fruits to ensure that only the healthiest ones remain. On short dormant shoots, 3–4 fruits per fruiting branch are retained, while on long shoots, weaker fruits at the base of the mother twig are removed, leaving 2–3 fruits per branch. For sparse result branches, 3–4 fruits can be left, but if the tree is weak or damaged, fewer or no fruits should be kept. Damaged, malformed, or nutrient-deficient fruits should also be removed early. Thinning starts from the inner and outer parts of the tree, prioritizing weak branches. Young trees should be pruned based on their strength, with each mother branch having 2–3 result branches, each bearing 2–3 fruits.
Before bagging, the entire orchard should be sprayed with insecticides and bactericides. Options include 20% mancozeb at 2500 times dilution, 18% chlorothalonil at 2000 times, or 2000 times diluted thiophanate-methyl or multi-bacteria. These treatments help control pests such as beetles, aphids, cockroaches, and scale insects, as well as diseases like soft rot and gray mold. Highly toxic or residue-prone pesticides should be avoided, and the use of plant growth regulators must be carefully controlled.
The best time to bag kiwifruit is around late June, approximately 40 days after flowering. Bagging should be done after spraying, and it’s ideal to work during the morning (8–12 AM) or afternoon (3–7 PM) when the sun is not too intense.
To bag the fruit, open the bag with one hand and gently place the young fruit inside from the bottom up. With the other hand, fold the top of the bag along the slit and secure it using the wire on the side. For single fruits, tie the bag directly to the fruiting branch. For clusters, tie the bag to the pedicel. Make sure the bag is not twisted or stretched. If the bottom of the bag is sealed, cut a 2–4 cm opening with scissors. Ensure the top is tightly closed. Always handle the fruit gently, and support any sagging branches to prevent damage from wind.
After bagging, it's important to maintain proper fertilization and irrigation. Apply top dressing and foliar sprays, and ensure adequate watering and drainage. Regular summer pruning helps develop strong vegetative branches and protects the leaf canopy. Integrated pest management should also be strengthened, and the trellis system should be checked and adjusted as needed to keep the tree stable and secure.
When harvesting, remove the bags 3–5 days before picking. For bags tied to the fruiting branch, support the bottom of the bag first, loosen the tie, and rotate the bag to remove the fruit. For those tied to the handle, gently pull the bottom of the bag and rotate it off. Handle the fruit carefully, and sort them after removal.
Organic Fertilizer
1. Organic fertilizers are fertilizers that are naturally produced.
[1] Fertilizers are materials that can be added to soil or plants, in order to provide nutrients and sustain growth. Typical organic fertilizers include all animal waste including meat processing waste, manure, slurry, and guano; plus plant based fertilizers such as compost; and biosolids.
[2] Inorganic "organic fertilizers" include minerals and ash. Organic refers to the Principles of Organic Agriculture, which determines whether a fertilizer can be used for commercial organic agriculture, not whether the fertilizer consists of organic compounds.
2. Farming application：
[1] Plant:Processed organic fertilizers include compost, liquid plant manures, humic acid, grain meal, amino acids, and seaweed extracts. Other examples are natural enzyme-digested proteins. Decomposing crop residue (green manure) from prior years is another source of fertility.
[2] Compost provides little in the means of nutrients to plants, but it does provide soil stability through increasing organic matter. Compost does help microorganisms proliferate which in turn breaks down decaying plant material into substantial bio-available nutrients for plant to easily assimilate. Compost does not need to be fully plant-based: it is often made with a mix of carbon-rich plant waste and nitrogen-rich animal waste including human excreta as a means to remove pathogens and odor from the latter.
[3] Grain meals can be made of corn gluten, alfalfa, cottonseed, or soybean. Most supply nitrogen and potassium, but soybean meal provides nitrogen and phosphorus.When initially spread they can cause an increase in ammonia within the soil and burn seeds, it is recommended to use these after plants have developed, to ensure crop success.
[4] Other ARS studies have found that algae used to capture nitrogen and phosphorus runoff from agricultural fields can not only prevent water contamination of these nutrients, but also can be used as an organic fertilizer. ARS scientists originally developed the "algal turf scrubber" to reduce nutrient runoff and increase quality of water flowing into streams, rivers, and lakes. They found that this nutrient-rich algae, once dried, can be applied to cucumber and corn seedlings and result in growth comparable to that seen using synthetic fertilizers
[5] Ash produced by plant combustion is also an important K fertilizer.
Keywords:100% Organic Fertilizer;Water Soluble Organic Fertilizer;Npk Organic Fertilizer;Organic Fertilizer For Agriculture
100% Organic Fertilizer,Water Soluble Organic Fertilizer,Npk Organic Fertilizer,Organic Fertilizer For Agriculture
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