1. Causes
Fish diseases can be categorized based on the pathogens involved, and they mainly include three types: myxobacterial gill rot, protozoan fin disease, and Chinese sturgeon-related fin rot. Myxobacterial gill rot typically occurs between April and October, while protozoan-induced fin disease is more common from July to September. The Chinese sturgeon-related fin rot usually appears from June to October, often due to bacterial infections.
2. Symptoms
Infected fish often show darkened bodies, sluggish movement, and tend to stay near the water surface or at the bottom of the tank. Severe cases may result in difficulty breathing, loss of appetite, and eventually complete refusal to eat. When the gill cover is opened, visible signs depend on the cause. For myxobacterial fin rot, the inside of the gill cover becomes translucent with yellowish-white spots and a web-like appearance. Protozoan-caused fin rot shows red hemorrhages, mucus, and half-moon shaped decayed areas. In the case of Chinese sturgeon-related fin rot, the cocoon swells, and fly larvae may hang from it, with the affected area appearing white.
3. Prevention
To prevent these diseases, regular monitoring of water quality is essential. Water should be changed frequently to maintain cleanliness and ensure proper oxygen levels. Before stocking fish, it's important to disinfect the water thoroughly. Maintaining good water conditions helps reduce the risk of disease outbreaks and supports overall fish health.
4. Treatment
Once a disease is detected, it's crucial to identify the cause before applying treatment. For myxobacterial gill rot, 20–30 kg of lime per 0.067 hectares or 1 kg of bleaching powder can be applied to the pond. For protozoan-related gill disease, mixing 1.5 kg of copper sulfate and 0.5 kg of ferrous sulfate per 0.067 hectares and spreading it in the water is effective. For Chinese sturgeon-related fin rot, 100–150 g of crystal trichlorfon per 0.067 hectares is recommended for treatment. Timely and appropriate intervention is key to minimizing losses and ensuring healthy fish populations.
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