The core tips: The traditional cultivation method of pumpkin is open field cultivation, growing on the ground, planting in March, planting in April and harvesting from July to September. In order to improve economic efficiency, pumpkin can also be used for off-season production.
The traditional way of squash cultivation is open field cultivation, growing on the ground, planting in March, planting in April, and harvesting in July-September. In order to improve economic efficiency, pumpkins can also be used for off-season production.
One, early pumpkin cultivation
1, species selection. Should use a string of bells, green bells, sweet chestnut and other early-maturing, low-temperature varieties that are resistant to rain.
2, timely sowing. Greenhouses, small sheds and other facilities were planted in mid-February to plant seedlings, and open cultivation was carried out in early March. Put the seeds in warm water of 55°C, stir while dipping hot, soak for 4-6 hours when the water temperature drops to 30°C. After soaking the mucus on the seed coat, put it in a wet cloth and put it into the 25-35°C condition. The germination is carried out under the condition of 36-48 hours, and the shoots can be sown with a length of 0.5 cm. Before planting seedlings, make a seedbed well, drench the water, make a small square with 7-10 cm square, and then place the seed flat on the square and cover the nutrition soil 1-2 cm thick. Keep 25-30°C high temperature after sowing. When about 20% of buds begin to top soil, then spread 0.6 cm of fine moist soil. After emergence, the air is cooled, 20-25°C during the day and 10°C at night.
3, soil preparation and fertilization. Each mu of fermented organic fertilizer 3000 kg, compound fertilizer 30 kg, deep plowing, mixed fertilizer. The width of the ditch is 1.3-1.4 meters wide, the width of the ditch is 0.35 meters, and the ditch is 0.3 meters deep. The turtle face is turtle shape.
4, timely colonization. In mid-March, the strong seedlings were planted in a large-middle shed or planted in a small shed and covered with a film for 15-20 days. The open cultivation is planted in early April. Once planted one row, every two crops will be planted on the side of the furrow far from the middle of the two furrows, corresponding to the planting, easy to frame, planting seedlings in the depth of about 3 cm from the ground is appropriate. Plant spacing 60 cm 70 cm, 600-800 plants per acre.
5, field management. After the melons and melons are harvested, topdressing manure and livestock manure water is applied once every 10 days, or topdressing 1-2 compound fertilizers, applying 15-20 kilograms per acre. In order to increase fruit setting rate, male flowering zucchini flowers and female pumpkin flowers that have just been opened can be pollinated artificially at the same time, or female flowers can be sprayed with 40 mg/kg of anti-dropping agent on the morning of the female pumpkin flower. The cultivation of greenhouses should remove side vines in time, and only keep 1-2 robust side vines on top of the first vines. Start vines and start arranging vines. Each two pods should be over one meter high. Powdery mildew was found to be sprayed with sulfuric acid suspension 500 times solution or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 times solution at the early stage of disease.
Second, autumn pumpkin cultivation
1, the old strains turn autumn. Summer sowing pumpkin, in mid-August removed all the old tender melons, cut off the old leaves and part of the lateral branches, apply 25-30 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, in the rows of 15-20 cm deep tillage, the fertilizer into the soil, At the same time hurt part of its roots, stimulate new hair roots. Then we fill enough water to keep the soil moist. A lot of autumn melons can be formed before and after the beginning of October.
2, autumn broadcast pumpkin. Selection of heat-resistant disease resistant Jinli, Yipin, Huangwo pumpkin and other varieties. In late July and early August, germination will be followed by live broadcast. It is best to use nutritional seedlings, shade nets to protect seedlings, seedling age more than 20 days of planting. Jin Li and other small pumpkins spacing 1.2 meters, Huang Lang pumpkins and other large and medium-sized pumpkin 1.5-2 meters, spacing 0.6-0.7 meters. Apply 30-40 kg compound fertilizer per acre as base fertilizer. The grass covered with grass was cooled and moisturized. The shade nets were covered before the beginning of September, and they were sprayed with 1-2 times of naphthalene acetic acid antivirus for 50 mg/kg. After vines were taken, a hedgerow was cut, single vines were pruned, all side branches were removed, and watering and drought relief were performed in time. After fruit set, fertilizer was applied 1-2 times, applying 15-20 kilograms of compound fertilizer per acre, watering should be performed sooner or later, and furrow irrigation was used. Run horse water, less filling ground irrigation, while adhering to artificial pollination, with 2,4-D flower decoration to increase fruit setting rate.
Autumn sowing pumpkin, easy to breed aphids and infected virus disease, spraying once every 7 days 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder plus 20% virus A wettable powder to control pests. In the middle and late September, the harvest of melons can begin. In October, the old melons are harvested and harvested until early November. The old melons usually harden before the frost and white powder occurs. When the stems turn yellow and hard, they are harvested and harvested. Leave a piece of vine for storage. Yield per mu 1500-2000 kg, can be stored until New Year's Day, Spring Festival listing.
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