Early rice breeding in the dryland is an important measure to cultivate strong and resistant to low-temperature chilling injury and achieve stable and high yield of early rice. However, drought seedlings are prone to dead seedlings. Early rice seedlings in dryland often occur before the seedling is excavated, and show bud rot in the early stage, needle rot in the 1st to 2nd leaf stage, Pythium in the 2nd leaf stage after sowing, and yellowish dry in the 2 to 3rd leaf stage. Blight before and after the 3rd leaf stage, bastard disease at the whole seedling stage and yellow seedlings at the 4th leaf stage. There are two main stages of dead seedlings. The first period occurred in the pre-emergence to the first leaf stage of diseased seedlings, physiological indicators are lagging behind robust seedlings. The leaf color is light, the soluble sugar and starch content of the stem and leaf is low, the resistance is reduced, the returning green is slow after transplanting, the tillering is late, and the number of tillers is also small. The following precautions should be taken:
Choose a good bed
Bed land should be sheltered from the sun, dry land with convenient water sources, or paddy fields with low groundwater level. Apply organic manure, nitrogen, phosphate fertilizers as base fertilizer, and apply fertilizer to bed soil, and apply 40-60 grams of urea per square meter, or urea 40. Kaga fresh manure 0.25 to 0.5 kg, calcium superphosphate 40 grams, turned into the soil, so that the soil fertilizer mix. The pH value of bed soil was adjusted to 4.5-5. 20 days before sowing, acid was adjusted with 4-7 grams of sulfur powder per square meter. When sowing can be used 65% enemies 200 to 300 times the liquid, 5 kg per square meter Shi disinfection. The beds and soils are made as early as possible, beds are made early, bed beds are finely crushed, the beds are flat and wet, so that the daily average temperature is stable at 8°C or more, so that the beds are lightly pressed before and after sowing, and the cover soil must be tight, then the soles should be poured. Water, cover film should be strict, so that insulation and moisture, promote seedlings fast and orderly.
Prevent high temperature burning seedlings
After emergence, it is necessary to prevent bed soil from becoming too humid and burning at high temperatures. After 1 leaf began to spur seedlings, to promote the roots under the bar, 2 leaf bed soil fat thin and seedlings grow, can make up the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer, 2.5 to 3 leaves to insulation moisturizing, intra-membrane temperature to be controlled at 24 ~ 26 °C. In case of cold wave, the film temperature is lower than 12°C without film removal, so as to avoid freezing-induced blight. After the cold wave, we must pay attention to uncovering the film, covering the film, and spraying water to prevent dead seedlings. The seedlings are sprayed with 65% enemy liquid 1000 times 1 to 3 kilograms per square meter to prevent the occurrence of blight. The timely spraying of chlorsulfuron-methyl or chlorhexidine phosphate on the seedlings that have already suffered from blight has also contributed to the restoration of vigor. For seedlings that have already occurred yellowing seedlings, apply 500 times as much ammonium ferrous sulfate or ferrous sulfate one or two times in a time, and try to increase the degree of bed soil reduction and humidity in order to relieve the physiological obstacles of the seedlings.
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