Character identification
The dried rhizomes are cylindrical, slightly curved laterally, nodular, about 1.5-3-5cm long, 0.5-1-2cm in diameter; the surface is gray brown to brown; the material is crisp, easily broken, and the profile is slightly flat. . The root is slender, cylindrical, sometimes curved or curled, clustered on a rhizome, shaped like a horse's tail, about 10-15-20cm long, about 1-2.5mm in diameter, yellow-brown on the surface, with fine longitudinal wrinkles. Brittle, easy to break, powder fly out when broken. The profile is slightly flat, with white to light yellowish brown, well-developed leather, and a small wooden part, accounting for only 1/3 of the diameter. The gas is weak and bitter. It is better to use a solid, yellow-brown, stout, smooth and white solid.
Microscopic identification
Root cross-section: The epidermis is polygonal cells with a slightly thicker outer wall. The cortex is about 20 rows of round parenchyma cells, containing fine starch grains and calcium oxalate clusters; the endothelial cells are prolate and the Kjeldahl is obvious. The epidermis is radially elongated cells. The puncta were 1-2 columns of tangentially elongated parenchyma cells; the phloem was narrow; the layers formed a loop; the xylem vessels, tracheids, wood fibers, and thin wood cell walls were all woody; the diameter of the catheter was 8-56 μm.
Rootstock transverse section.
The epidermis is radially elongated cells. The cortex has stone cells at the nodes. The phloem is narrow, forming a layer of loops; xylem vessels often scattered in a single or 2-4 tangential juxtaposition, wood fiber and wood parenchyma cell wall are woody; endogenous phloem sieve group ring. Peel eccentricity, there are a few scattered stone cells. The product parenchyma cells contain starch grains, and some contain calcium oxalate crystals.
Bai Wei powder: pale gray.
Calcium oxalate clusters have a diameter of 7-42 μm. Some cells contain 2 clusters of crystals, and some of them contain crystal cells connected longitudinally. Rhizome epidermal cells are polygonal or long polygons with a diameter of 14-40 μm and a length of 94 μm with thicker walls; cells in the epidermis have secreting cells and are polygonal in shape with a diameter of 14-23 μm and a length of 45 μm. Yellow secretions. Epithelial cells of the epidermis are oblong or slightly flattened, some tangentially divided into two, and the lateral cells are yellow secretory cells.
Root epithelial cells are oblong and wavy. The epithelial tissues contain round-like secretory cells with yellow secretions. Contiguous pits, reticulates and thread catheters 10-50 μm in diameter. Wood fiber bundles, diameter 10-25μm, wall thickness 2.5-11μm, with oblique holes or small round holes. Endothelial cells are oblong in view of the surface, and the peripheral wall is finely wavy and slightly woody. In addition, the starch granules are round, umbilical, punctate, or trigeminal, and the complex granules are composed of 2-6 granules; the fiber wall is extremely thick, and the cell cavities are thin or inconspicuous, and some primary and secondary walls are separated. .
Physical and chemical identification
Chemically take powder 1g, add 70% ethanol 10ml, heat reflux for 1 hour, filtered. Take 1ml of the filtrate into a evaporating dish and evaporate it. Add 0.5ml of acetic anhydride to the residue. Dissolve 1 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Drug Application Identification
Bai Wei and Dan Pi: They are blood-purification hot products. Although Bai Wei is bitter and salty and longer than Qing Jie, it can pass through all the evil temperature diseases and make the evil come from inside. Although the Dan Pi has the long blood circulation, only Can clear the blood heat inside, but can not be reached through the heat of blood.
Bai Wei and Artemisia annua: both of them can retreat deficient heat, attending bone steam hot flashes and five upset hot, bile Artemisia annua through hot heat, and can Shugan Jieyu, Bai Wei clear blood heat, and Can diuretic.
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