Geoduck breeding and breeding techniques

Geoduck is native to the North Pacific coast of the United States and Canada. It has the advantages of large individuals, fast growth, delicious taste, and high economic value. At present, the annual production volume in the United States and Canada is 20003,000 tons, which is mainly sold to Southeast Asia, with an annual income of 3.4 billion US dollars. Among them, 1,000,200 tons are sold to China each year, worth US$1.15 billion.

Geoduck is a buried shellfish, and the water temperature in the living sea area is 323°C (after 3 years of domestication, the current temperature can be adapted to 025°C. When the water temperature is lower than 25°C, Guangdong can carry out anti-season in the winter and the following spring. Farming), the salinity is 27‰32‰. The inhabiting sediment is dominated by sand and mud. The depth of water is 318 meters. The depth of burial is related to the size of the individual, usually 50-80 meters. Geoduck pitaya seedlings are 5-10 cm in length when the shell is very strong, generally only 5 minutes to sneak into; shells more than 15 centimeters more than lose the ability to cocoon and sediment, the life camp burrowing life, no longer move.

The first 4 years of geoduck grew faster. The 1st instar shell was 5-6 cm long and weighed 36-40 g; the 2nd instar shell was 8-10 cm long and weighed 200-250 g; the 3rd instar shell was 10-12 cm long. 400-500 grams; 4 in shell length 12-15 cm, weight 500-800 grams. With age, the growth of shells is gradually slow, but the growth of soft bodies can still continue, and the life span can reach more than 100 years. The pullout rate of geoduck is as high as 60% -70%. The main edible area is the water pipe muscle, which accounts for 30% -35% of the total consumption. Each calorie contains 81 kcal, protein 14.4 g, and fat 1.3. Grams, with high nutritional value.

The geometridae of the geoduck, the annual breeding season is generally from April to July, and the peak period is from May to June. Individual egg production amounted to 1000-2000 million eggs and spawning water temperature was 14-17°C. The egg diameter is 82 μm. After 4-5 days, the fertilized eggs develop D-shaped larvae (120-130 μm); shell larvae (160-180 μm) develop within 10-12 days; and the larvae sink around 30 days later. Perverted, the shell is as long as 350-400 microns.

Geoduck eats unicellular algae from seawater and can also filter sediments and organic debris. The main predators of geoduck are crabs, starfish, snails and clams. They live in submarine habitats and have strong protection capabilities.

According to investigations, there are many sea areas in the north of China suitable for its growth. Since 1999, we have introduced seedlings from the United States to conduct artificial seedling production trials. Over the past four years, we have introduced more than 420 species. After 4-5 days of transportation, the survival rate reaches 74%. The original shellfish breeding equipment is used to introduce mature vegetables in March-April, and eggs can be laid after 20 days of cultivation. If warming stimulation is used, the hatching rate can reach 80% -90%.

The attachment base of geoduck was better than sand. After the attachment, the juveniles were fed by running water. The daily feeding amount gradually increased to 6-12 million cells/ml, and the juveniles developed into single-tube juveniles (shell length) within 8-10 days. 0.6 -1 mm); 22-23 days develop into double-tube juveniles (shell length 1.4-1.6 mm); 30-day shell length up to 2 mm (1500-800); 40 days shell up to 3.5 mm (150- 180 capsules); 60 days shell up to 8 mm (20-26 capsules), at this time can be broadcast under the sea seedlings.

Geoduck breeding sea areas should choose inner bays with smooth water flow, small waves, rich bait, and sandy mud bottom. The water depth for breeding can be as low as 10 meters from the low tide line. The temperature of the seabed in winter is not lower than 0°C, and it is not higher than 25°C in summer.

Seeds can be transported in close range from close range and transported long distances. Seeds of 5-10 mm long shells, put 50,000 tablets per plastic bag, add 3-5 liters of water, oxygenate, and seal with foam boxes. The survival rate can reach 95% after 14-16 hours.

The culture method of geoduck has been used in the past. The seedlings were planted with 10,000 seeds per bag. After seedlings were raised, they grew rapidly. Seedlings are planted at the end of June. The shell length can reach about 3 cm at the end of August. However, due to enemy invasion, the survival rate of seashell seedlings is low, about 10% after one year, and about 1% -2% after three years. Therefore, since 2001, we have adopted the method of PVC tube care to plant geoduck and achieved very good results. After 1 year, the survival rate reached 60%. The average shell length was 4 cm and the weight was 30 g. The method uses a plastic pipe (or PVC pipe) with a diameter of 10-20 cm and a length of 25-30 cm, with 10-30 pieces of seedlings inside. One end of the pipe is buried in the sand bottom, and the other end shows 5-10 cm of sand surface. The outer cover aperture 1 cm plastic mesh. After 3 months, the seedlings drilled into the sand for 10 cm, drilled 20-25 cm for 6 months, drilled 30-40 cm for 10-12 months, and began to disperse. The plastic tube can be taken out at this time (can be recycled), and the survival rate is high after the seedlings are protected. When the tube spacing is 50-60 cm, 4000 cans can be inserted per acre and 4-10 million seedlings can be raised.

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