Mushroom treasures - brown mushrooms, also known as xiangkou mushroom, its large handle thick, thick meat bacteria, taste more delicate than the white mushrooms, delicious, more flavor than mushrooms, palatable, and at the same time have a high nutritional health care medical value. Its high yield cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. Cultivation season: According to the mushroom mushrooming temperature range of 16-32 °C, sowing the mushroom 40-45 days after the beginning of mushroom biological characteristics, the general spring planting selection 3-4 months sowing, May-July fruiting; summer plant selection 6 - Seed sowing in July, mushrooming in August-October, local conditions should be combined with the best cultivation season.
2. Cultivation site: Daejeon is planted with brown mushrooms, and light and shade shelters must be built. The height of the shed is 2-2.2 meters. The roof and the surrounding area are covered with straw or shade nets. The trampoline in the shed is made into a turtle shape. The design width is 60-80 centimeters, the height is 10 centimeters, the length is not limited, the excavation outside the shed is gutter.
3. Raw material formula: 1 80% rice straw, 4% lime, 2.5% phosphate fertilizer, 2% gypsum, 1% compound fertilizer, and 0.5% urea. 2 Rice straw 60%, cow dung 30%, lime 4%, phosphate fertilizer 2.5%, gypsum 2%, compound fertilizer 1%, urea 0.5%. 3 Cottonseed corn stalk 45%, lime 4%, phosphate fertilizer 2.5%, gypsum 2%, compound fertilizer 1%, urea 0.5%. Generally 100 square meters of cultivated area is about 1500 kilograms of culture material.
4, pre-humidified building reactors: choose a good place for stockpiling, first on the ground piled a layer of pre-wetted rice straw, thickness 30-40 cm, sprinkle a layer of wet manure on rice straw, and then a heap The layer of rice straw is a layer of manure, so that the proportion of forage manure is evenly mixed, so that the cycle is pushed and pushed up to a height of 1.5 meters and a width of 1.5 to 2 meters. The top of the pile is in a shape of a turtle and surrounded by a vertical and rectangular rectangular material pile.
5. Turning fermentation: The first turning time is on the 7th day after the pile is built, ie when the temperature of the stockpile reaches 65-70°C, turning for 2 days starts, and appropriate amount of lime is added. The second turnover time is on the 6th day after the turning, that is, when the temperature of the material continues to rise to 70-75°C, it is maintained for 2-3 days. At the same time, auxiliary materials such as gypsum are added, followed by the third and fourth times. Turn over the time, the interval time is 5 days and 4 days respectively, and the total fermentation period is about 25 days. The standard of high-quality fermentation materials is loose and elastic, brownish, and shows a large number of actinomycetes, no ammonia odor, water content of 60% to 65%, and ph value of 6.5-7.5.
6, sowing management: the finished fermentation of good culture material evenly spread into the boring bed, material thickness of 8 cm or so, slightly compacted, wait until the material temperature drops below 35 °C when the beginning of the sowing, sowing by sowing or hole sowing method, each 100 square Rice seed dosage 100-150 bags. After the inoculation is completed, bamboo pieces are inserted into bows on both sides of the trampoline.
7. Cultivation of soil: Cover the trampoline membrane within 3 days of sowing. After 3 days, remove the membrane and ventilate 1-2 times each day for 20-30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the trampoline at 15-34°C. If the surface of the culture is water-dried, lightly sprayed water can be used to maintain the humidity. Usually after 15-20 days of culture, when the mycelium spreads 2/3 of the whole culture, it can be covered with soil. The soil should choose fertile paddy soil or alum, with a thickness of 3.5-4 cm.
8. Induced mushrooming: After 10-15 days of earth-covering, the mycelium developed more stoutly, and a small amount of bacteria was crawled onto the soil to form a bacteria line. At this time, water should be sprayed to increase the humidity of the trampoline by 90%-95%. At the same time, the membranes at both ends are opened to increase ventilation and ventilation, to force the mycelium to fall down, and to accelerate the transition from the vegetative growth stage to the reproductive mushrooming stage. After 5-7 days of induction and bud management, when a large amount of white granular primordium was found in the soil layer, it was sprayed with a heavy water and the soil was moderately moist to maintain a large number of mushrooms.
9. Harvesting and Processing: Under suitable conditions of temperature and humidity, it usually takes 5-7 days from the formation of mushroom buds to maturity. When the cap is hemispherical and the body of the mushroom is compact, the membrane should be harvested when the membrane has not been expanded. The whole mushroom-growing period 5-6 tide mushroom, the total bioconversion rate reached 50%. At present, the brown mushrooms are mainly exported as dehydrated dried products. The drying method can be dried by a dehydrator, dried in a fire cage, and dried in the sun. Among them, the products dried by the dehydrator are light golden yellow, beautiful blossoming and rich in aroma, which meet the requirements of export standards.
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