First, seed piece preparation.
About 20 days before planting, which usually starts around early March, the potatoes are cut into pieces. Each piece must have at least one eye. The ideal size is about 10-15 pieces per kilogram. After cutting, it's important to disinfect the pieces. You can use a dry mix of fine soil or carbendazim powder diluted at a ratio of 1:200. Once the cut pieces are dry, they can be germinated using two methods. The first method involves using sand in a warm room (above 15°C), placing a layer of sand followed by a layer of seed pieces. The second method is to dig small pits facing east in an east-west ventilated area. The pit should be about 25 cm deep, with alternating layers of sand and seed pieces—three layers in total. Cover the pits with a plastic film, and add straw mats at night for insulation. During the germination period, it’s recommended to water the seeds 1-2 times to keep them moist. When the sprouts reach 0.5–1.0 cm in length, it's time to plant.
Second, land preparation.
Before planting, check the condition of the field. If the soil isn’t suitable, consider adjusting it. It's best to prepare the soil 7–10 days before planting. Potatoes are typically planted in double rows. The large rows are spaced 50 cm apart, while the small rows are 40 cm apart. This arrangement helps with better air circulation and easier management.
Third, covering with mulch.
The best time to plant is between the Spring Equinox and the Qingming Festival. For virus-free potato varieties, you can plant earlier than the Spring Equinox. Sow the seeds in the furrows with a spacing of 20 cm. Before planting, spray a diluted solution of sulfuric acid (1:10,000) along the furrow to prevent underground pests. Organic fertilizer can be spread directly into the furrows or mixed into the soil as it settles. Chemical fertilizers should be placed in the furrows or scattered between the seed pieces, but not directly touching them. There are two planting methods: one where the eyes face downward, resulting in longer roots and larger tubers but delayed emergence by 2–3 days; the other where the eyes face upward, leading to shorter roots and smaller tubers but earlier sprouting. After planting, cover the furrows with soil from both sides of the large rows and secure the mulch tightly.
Fourth, seedling emergence and management.
About 20 days after planting, seedlings will start to emerge. At this point, remove the mulch around the seedlings to allow ventilation and prevent overheating. It's best to do this in the afternoon, once a day, and gradually loosen the mulch as the plants grow. When the seedlings reach 10 cm in height, press the soil tightly around them to retain moisture.
In the early growth stage, avoid overwatering. If there's no rain, water once every 10 days. Usually, 2–3 waterings are sufficient, and watering should stop 10 days before harvest. During the seedling stage, pests like aphids or thrips can be controlled using 40% omethoate diluted 1,000 times.
Potatoes thrive on organic manure, ideally 4,000–5,000 pounds per 666 square meters. Combine it with balanced chemical fertilizers. A scientifically correct N:P:K ratio is 1.85:1:2.1, but many farmers use 1:1:1, which leads to excess nitrogen and phosphorus and insufficient potassium. Potatoes prefer ammonium nitrogen and absorb more sulfur. According to experiments, adding 1 kg of potassium sulfate can increase yield by 100–150 kg.
Lastly, timely prevention of late blight. Late blight is a serious disease that’s hard to control. High humidity in greenhouses promotes its spread. Remove the film promptly after the first signs of infection and apply preventive sprays. Spray every 15 days, and if it rains, reapply immediately. Use fungicides such as 40% iprobenfos wettable powder (200x), 25% etridiazole wettable powder (600x), 58% metalaxyl-MnZn wettable powder (400–500x), 50% thifluzamide fungicide (500–600x), or 72.2% pyraclostrobin fungicide (600x). Alternate these sprays to ensure effective control and a high-quality harvest.
X Ray Lead Undershorts
Xray Radiation Lead Undershorts,X-Ray Protective Lead Underwear,Radiation Protection Lead Underwear,X-Ray Protective Lead Underpants
Longkou Kangxie Medical Instrument Co., Ltd , https://www.kangxiemedical.com