Barley yellow mosaic

Symptoms The disease is an important disease on barley in the Yangtze River Valley and other provinces (cities) such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, and Hubei. The leaves are yellow-green to yellow. At the onset of the onset, the heart leaves are now arranged in parallel with the veins, ranging from pale yellowish greenish-brown lines to elliptic irregularly shaped small lesions. Erlang barley was infected with rust and brown necrotic spots. The latter lesions increased continuously to enlarge the yellow leaves. Severe diseased leaves turned dark yellow to orange-yellow, resembling physiological yellowing; late yellow leaves turned into yellow streaks, and coarse veins. It is green, and some flag leaf sheaths and glume also have yellow spots. The diseased plants are slightly short, easy to wither or do not head.

The pathogen Barley yellow mosaic virus is abbreviated as Ba YMV, which is called barley yellow mosaic virus and belongs to the virus. The virions were linear, 100, 200, 275-300 nm long, and most of them were 525-60015-20 (nm) in size with no envelope. The virus is present in the cytoplasm and can produce wind-like or bundled inclusion bodies. Lethal temperature 55-60 °C, in vitro survival of 2-3 days, dilution limit 1000 times.

Transmission routes and disease conditions Viruses can be transmitted through diseased roots, diseased soils, and diseased fields. The virus-mediated mediator is a polymyxa in cereals, which is mainly transmitted through the soil in the field. The topsoil within 10 cm of the diseased field can transmit disease. The disease incidence is high within 10cm from the seed, and 30cm from the seed can also cause disease. Field infections mainly occurred one month after emergence, and in the middle of March, the disease was manifested. Barley seedling stage

10cm surface soil temperature above 8.5 °C began to disease, soil temperature below 5.5 °C is not the disease. Variety disease resistance is different; the incidence of multi-row barley is light, barley, early sowing and continuous cropping.

Control methods (1) Breeding resistant disease-resistant varieties. Such as buckwheat no. 2. (2) Implement a large area rotation for more than 4 years. (3) Prevent the transfer or spread of diseased soil.

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