Saplings in orchards can increase soil organic matter content, reduce soil erosion, improve soil structure, and increase soil fertility. However, some farmers have misunderstood the true meaning of grass cultivation in orchards, allowing orchards weeds to grow, without paying attention to grass control. This has caused many problems.
1. Severe grass damage The current grass orchards adopt more natural grass methods and are not selective to grass species. They do not control grass or plow till they are serious for a few years. Some weeds grow up to a few meters high, contend with the fruit trees, and fight for space. They “win the main guests†and cause the fruit trees to be buried in the weeds. At the same time, they compete for the contradiction between fertilizer and water, causing serious shortage of nitrogen in the fruit trees. The lack of water in the fruit trees in the dry season has exacerbated the situation. The occurrence of drought damage; and soil hardening, affecting ventilation, causing the roots to float and cause shallow roots. In addition, the weedy growth season has not only brought inconvenience to various operations of the orchard, but weeds have objectively become a potential site for pests and diseases.
2. Grass control in artificial grass orchards should control the growth of grass and timely cutting (using a hoe or a mowing machine) to ease the conflicts between spring and summer grass and fruit trees and increase the yield of grass during the year, and increase soil Organic matter content. Artificial grasses do not cut for the first few months. When grass roots are deep and nutrients increase significantly, they begin to castrate. Usually 2 to 4 times in 1 year, the irrigation condition can be cut 1 times. Specifically, legumes should be kept more than 15 centimeters long, and grass should be about 10 centimeters long; the whole garden should be grassed, and the grass that has been cut down should be scattered in the ground, or it can be buried deep in the ground and mixed with the soil.
3. The control of grass in natural grass orchards generally uses phytotoxic herbicides, which are mainly traceless (paraquat, paraquat), glyphosate (Nongda, Xiocaobao, Nongwang, Chunduo, Feida). Wait. For the characteristics of the two types of herbicides, orchard control can be based on the specific circumstances, the correct choice of herbicides. The orchards in the mountainous area have a high topography and a relatively large gradient. For the loss of waterproof soil, weeders should be used to remove weeds. Orchards have more weeds or more broad-leaved weeds in their first year, and they can also choose to trace and weed without weeds. The orchards have more perennial weeds or more grassy weeds. They can choose glyphosate for weeding; the orchards need to keep grass. To maintain the ecology of the orchards, we can use the traceless weed control method to benefit the growth of new grasses. If the orchards need to be kept without grasses for a long time, glyphosate can be used. The specific use method: take gram-free control grass, use 20% gram of waterless agent 200 ~ 250 times spray on weeds; take glyphosate weeding, with 10% glyphosate 150 ~ 200 times liquid (add 0.2% washing powder as surface active material) 50-80 kg, choose to spray the leaf on cloudy or sunny days with relatively high relative humidity, and pay attention to prevent the liquid from floating to the fruit tree leaves when spraying.
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