1 Disinfection: Disinfection is an important measure to eliminate the source of infection and ensure the health of the herd. Any pig farm should pay attention to it, and it can usually be divided into preventive and epidemic disinfection. The former refers to the disinfection of livestock houses, utensils, premises, drinking water, etc. when no infectious diseases have occurred. The latter is an environment that has caused pollution to control the spread of pathogens after the occurrence of infectious diseases and infectious diseases. , feed, drinking water, utensils, venues and other items are completely and completely disinfected. Disinfection steps: The first step should be mechanically cleaned, and the second step should be disinfected with a chemical disinfectant. Mechanical cleaning is a series of methods to improve the environment of livestock houses through cleaning, washing, washing, etc. This method can greatly reduce the degree of microbial contamination in livestock houses. After cleaning and rinsing, disinfecting with chemical drugs can achieve the desired disinfection. There are many disinfectants currently sold on the market, and care should be taken to select disinfectants that are effective, have a wide range of effects, are effective and durable, have low toxicity, are irritating and corrosive, and are inexpensive. In principle, it is difficult for a disinfectant to satisfy all the above conditions. Therefore, several disinfectants can be selected according to different environmental conditions, and different disinfectants can also be used interchangeably to avoid using the same disinfectant permanently. Commonly used disinfectants include: phenolic disinfectants: carbolic acid, lysol, bactericidal enemies, agricultural welfare, etc. Aldehyde disinfectants: formaldehyde (formalin), glutaraldehyde, ethylene oxide, etc. Alkali disinfectants: sodium hydroxide, lime, ammonia, etc. Acid disinfectants: Peracetic acid, lactic acid, etc. Chlorine-containing disinfectants: bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite, superior chlorine net, etc. Cationic surface active disinfectant: benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, and 100 toxins. Other disinfectants: alcohol, mercuric chloride, hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid, potassium permanganate, and antiviral agents. Disinfection method: Barn disinfection: Before the pigs are introduced into the farm, all pigs should be thoroughly disinfected. Including: excrement, litter, dirt removal and harmless treatment (such as fermentation, burning, etc.); ground, walls, doors and windows, feed, utensils, etc. to wash or wash; after the barn is dried, disinfect with a disinfectant solution , Select the concentration of the liquid can be properly increased by 0.5-1 times the concentration in the instructions, after disinfection, it is best to close the doors and windows, 24 hours after the window ventilation. Sterilization of livestock houses, such as fungicide, peracetic acid, formalin, and ammonia can be selected. For a kind of pig house, 0.05% peracetic acid or 0.5% strong disinfectant can be sprayed and disinfected, and the herd may not need to be transferred. Sewage can be disinfected by adding 2-5 grams of bleach per liter. Disinfection of utensils: In addition to brushing and daily cleaning, food waste, drinking fountains, and transport vehicles are routinely sterilized with 0.1% benzalkonium chloride, strong disinfectant, or anti-virus salt.
2 Insecticide: First, eliminate mosquitoes and flies, and use insecticides such as trichlorfon, dichlorvos, and fenthion. Trichlorfon can be sprayed with 0.1% aqueous solution, and sulfur sulfur can be used at a concentration of 0.05-0.5%. Dichlorvos have good insecticidal effects, but attention should be paid to the toxicity of human and livestock.
3 Deratization: First of all, places such as livestock houses and feed warehouses should pay attention to the requirements of rats. In particular, the entrance to the feed must be kept out of the rats. The selection of rodenticides should be based on the use of poisonous rodent drugs such as sodium salt of enemies and Anthor, which have low toxicity to humans and animals. Commonly used 0.05% bait, mixed with cereals. The bait should be placed in a safe place for people and livestock.
A Bomb Calorimeter is a type of constant-volume calorimeter used in measuring the heat of combustion of a particular reaction. Bomb calorimeters have to withstand the large pressure within the calorimeter as the reaction is being measured. Electrical energy is used to ignite the fuel; as the fuel is burning, it will heat up the surrounding air, which expands and escapes through a tube that leads the air out of the calorimeter. When the air is escaping through the copper tube it will also heat up the water outside the tube. The change in temperature of the water allows for calculating calorie content of the fuel.
Bomb Calorimeter
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