Feed additives are those substances that are added to compound feeds in addition to commonly used feeds to supplement the nutritional needs of animals in all aspects of growth, reproduction, or production, or for specific purposes. Its purpose can meet the special needs of aquaculture production, such as health care, growth promotion, increased appetite, prevention of feed deterioration, preservation of certain substances in feed, destruction of toxic components in feed, improvement of feed and livestock product quality, and improvement of breeding environment.
1, bentonite
Bentonite, commonly known as "white clay," contains not only the large amount of silicon and aluminum compounds, but also the mineral elements required by more than 20 kinds of pigs such as phosphorus, copper, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium, cobalt, barium, calcium and titanium. . These elements are components of enzymes, hormones, and biologically active substances that can significantly alter the activity or immune performance of enzymes and hormones. First, bentonite has a good palatability and adsorption, can delay the speed of feed through the digestive tract, so that pigs can effectively use nutrients, improve the digestibility of the nutrients; Second, there are many special physical and chemical properties of bentonite, can be adsorbed pigs The harmful substances in the body inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, increase resistance, and promote growth and development. The third is to replace grain as a carrier of various trace elements to prevent the imbalance of calcium and phosphorus, participate in the metabolism and immune response of the body, and improve the survival of pigs. rate. Bentonite is generally good at adding 2% to 4% to pig diets.
2, coal ash slag
Coal ash slag not only contains the mineral elements required by various pigs such as phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, magnesium, zinc, and manganese, but also contains a new porcine growth regulator, humic acid. Feeding pigs with it can directly enhance the vitality of various enzymes, promote metabolism, and increase the accumulation of organic matter in the body. Adding 3% to 5% coal ash residue to pig diets can regulate salt and alkali in pigs, increase growth rate, reduce disease, and effectively prevent pig diarrhea, constipation, and asthma, and significantly reduce mortality. .
3, Maifan Stone
Maifan Stone is a kind of natural health medicine stone with biological activity. It is a kind of rock with specific structure and trace element combination formed by weathering granite stone. One is that the metal elements contained in it are easily soluble in dilute acid. When it passes through the pig's stomach, it can release the contained elements and is directly used by pigs. Especially, the trace elements such as nickel, titanium and selenium are enzymes in the pig's body. The activating substances can increase the activity of enzymes and the utilization of feed nutrients. The second is that Maifanshi has good adsorption and ion exchange, and it can selectively adsorb bacteria in the digestive tract of pigs and play a role in disease prevention. It is advisable to add 1% to 3% of maifan stone in pig diets.
4, Zeolite
Zeolite is a kind of natural silicate minerals. It contains the major elements and most of trace elements needed for the growth and development of 18 kinds of pigs such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and copper. It is an ideal natural mineral feed additive, and it is inexpensive. The interior of the hole has a crystal structure of multi-hole porous holes. The volume of pores (holes) accounts for more than 50% of the total volume of zeolite. It has strong adsorption force and can adsorb harmful gases such as methane, ethane and E. coli and Salmonella toxins in the intestine. , And can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria. If 3%~5% zeolite powder is added to the pig diet, the average weight gain of the pig can be increased by 10%; it can prevent diarrhea, contagious gastroenteritis, bronchitis and rickets in pigs, such as feeding sows can accelerate fetal growth Speed, prevent stillbirth, improve survival rate, save 70% of medical expenses, reduce odor, improve feeding environment. The water content of the pig's stool is reduced, and the column is clean and dry, which fully improves the hygiene of the pig farm and is beneficial to the growth and development of the pig.
5, other
Nitrate in the pig's feed by adding 0.5% to 0.6% of niobium nitrate, daily gain increased by 20%, feed utilization increased by 15%, and the pig health and disease, fur light, strong appetite, normal urine.
The yellow clay below one meter deep in yellow clay mountain areas and hilly areas contains not only a large amount of iron and copper compounds but also more than 20 kinds of mineral elements required by pigs. Adding 2% to 4% of yellow clay in pig diets has a significant effect on increasing appetite, increasing weight gain and preventing disease.
Zinc sulfate added 10 mg to 20 mg per piglet per day, and 30 mg to 50 mg for big pigs, so that pigs have good appetite, smooth fur, less incidence, and faster growth.
The addition of 0.25% copper sulphate to copper sulphate in pig feed can increase pigs' daily weight gain by 16%, feed utilization rate by 5%, and feed cost by about 4%.
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