Every year in the southern part of the country, during the summer and summer months, the rate of mating and continuation of the pigs in all pig farms is greatly reduced. A large number of sows do not have estrus, and the number of returnees is significantly increased. Boars do not have sexual desire, semen volume is small, and the number and viability of sperm are significantly reduced. The phenomenon of abnormal spermatozoa increased, which greatly affected the breeding work on the farm. The pig industry calls this time "Summer Infertility Period". Why does the "Summer Infertility Period" appear? This is related to the pig's ability to withstand high temperatures and its internal conditions. In domestic animals, few pigs have the lowest body temperature regulation and their heat tolerance is far lower than that of cattle and sheep. When the temperature rose to 30-32°C, the pig's rectal temperature began to increase. When the temperature rises to 35°C and the relative humidity exceeds 65%, if the duration is prolonged, the pig cannot tolerate it. When the rectal temperature rises to 40°C, this is approaching the limit of danger. On the one hand, the pig's subcutaneous fat is thick, sweat glands are extremely undeveloped, and a large amount of body heat cannot diverge. When the temperature rises close to, or even exceeds, body temperature, the pig body cannot adapt, causing the cardiovascular system to become overburdened, even failing, becoming coma, and finally becoming extremely dead. On the other hand, high temperatures cause metabolic processes and endocrine disruptions in the body. Produce a series of adverse reactions. The first is the increase of secretion of the sympathetic nerves, the secretion of adrenal medulla, the reduction of digestive gland secretion, the weakening of gastrointestinal motility, the decrease of digestive enzyme activity, resulting in loss of appetite and a sharp decline in feed intake, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake and drastic deterioration of boar constitution. , Gain weight to stop or lose weight. At the same time, high temperatures cause a dramatic increase in secretion of the adrenocortical system, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of pituitary gonadotropins, leading to ovarian static in sows. According to reports, an average of 84.7% of sows did not have estrus, dark estrus, or ovulation during estrus in July-September. Sustained high temperatures have inhibited androgen function in the testes of boars. Even the testis has undergone atrophy and degenerative function has been reduced. According to reports, at least 16% of boars in the summer cannot collect sperm or completely lose their mating habits, resulting in a large group of sows that cannot participate in mating or pregnancy. In order to survive the “Summer Infertility Period†safely, we must do the following tasks seriously: 1. Plant trees in the farm area and do a good job in greening the farms. Through the shading of trees, the reduction of radiation, and the interception of rainwater and transpiration, the pig farm can reduce the radiant heat by 50-90%, and the green area is cooled by an average of 2-5°C than the non-green areas. Through the greenery, the whole farm is under the shade of green trees to form a comfortable and cool microclimate. In addition to planting trees around the stadium, plants such as grapes and melons must also be planted to allow the vines to climb onto the roof and walls to give full play to the shading and heat insulation of green plants. two. Strengthen feeding and management and carefully prepare summer grains. 1. The summer diet must ensure that the overall level of various nutrients such as protein, energy, minerals, and vitamins does not decrease. In particular, the lysine content should be increased (from 0.5% to 0.9%); vitamins A, E, and C must be specially increased. The content of folic acid and biotin ensures the adequate supply of Zn, Se, Mg, K and Na in the diet. Because these nutrients balance the body fluid, it plays a special important role in the normal development of the follicle. 2. Add grease as appropriate. This not only satisfies the energy needs of the sow and reduces the loss of weight, but also improves the survival rate of the piglet. 3. Reduce the crude fiber content in the diet, especially to reduce the proportion of bran, rice bran, and prevent constipation of sows. 4. Improve the palatability of the feed, change the dry material to be thinner, feed 2 meals per day on a day-to-day basis, and feed 1 meal at a cooler night. 5. As much as possible to add some green juicy feed, such as pumpkin, watermelon (skin), red vine, cabbage, leeks and so on. 6. When necessary, each sow can be injected intramuscularly daily or every other day with VA and VC injections; weekly VENa2SeO3 injections are given 1-2 times. three. Pay attention to improving the construction of the pig house to ensure it is cool in winter and cool in summer. Use open or semi-open style, pay attention to the direction of the pig house, and use roof insulation materials. When conditions permit, shallow pools can be set up on the playground for the pig to cool in the pool. four. Reduce breeding density and reduce radiated calories in pigs. Fives. Increase the ventilation of the pig house. Houses open doors and windows, install ceiling fans, exhaust fans, and enhance air convection. six. Full supply of clean cold water. Pigs are allowed to drink more water, through the skin evaporation and urination divergent body heat. Seven. Cold water spraying is adopted, intermittent cold water showers and fan exhaust are applied to the breeding pigs, and the effect of rapid cooling of the dispelling body heat can be received. There are many methods of spraying, such as the use of drip tubes, aerosolizers, and showers. Now introduce three simple and easy methods 1. Homemade spray tube. Use a soft plastic pipe with a diameter of 2-3 cm to pass the other end of the pig house from the pig bar at the top of the pig bar. The middle is supported by a thick wire and iron frame. The wall of the pipe can be used to pierce the hole with a coarse injection needle. The water pipe is connected. Pressure tap. The high temperature season is opened once every 2-3 hours, 0.5-1 hour each time. At that time, the small water column will erupt uniformly and form a mist. This will make the air in the pig body, ground and the column slightly moist, and slowly cool down. Sticking to the use will see the pig's body clean and shiny, the ground is clean, the dust in the air is small, and the male and female will be sprayed. Pigs have a good appetite and can rest quietly during the hottest hours of the afternoon. This method costs very little, and the cost of a soft plastic tube in a medium-sized pig house is only around one hundred yuan. 2. Self-made drip device: suitable for sow positioning barn. Using a 2-3 cm diameter rigid plastic tube from the upper part of the sow's head and neck to pass through the entire pig house (fixed method is the same as before), the wall of the pipe is only perforated at the head and neck area of ​​each sow, and the pores are as large as the above. Connect the faucet. The drop of water from the drip outlet is in the sow's neck and shoulders. The dripping mouth must be close to the sow, but the sow does not bite into the hose and the dripping water does not spill onto the suckling piglets. 3. Use a tap to connect the hose directly to the male and female sows. 8. Keep boars well and give full play to the boar effect. The body of the boar can secrete and release a volatile pheromone, which plays a strong induction role for the estrus of the sow, especially in the hot season. However, the boar's fertility and libido are also affected seasonally in the summer. Therefore, it is very important to keep a good boar in the summer. In addition to the above seven measures are suitable for boar, but also must strengthen a few points: 1. The reasonable movement of boars is an important measure to maintain a good body condition and ability to breed. The boars must be chased after each day, and exercise for 0.5 hours every morning and afternoon and rinse the testicles with cold water. 2. Each boar feeds two eggs per day during the high temperature season. Cod liver oil is 25-50 ml. 3. Males and females must be kept separately. The boar can be rushed to the sow house every day and in the afternoon for several times to stimulate the libido and promote estrus.
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