The technology for the denuclearization of grapes is based on the combination of good cultivation techniques and the treatment of grape seedless agents to soften or abrogate the seeds of seeded grapes to achieve the goal of non-nuclear, stable production, high quality, and early maturing. The nucleation-free production of grapes has a very significant effect: the seedless rate is 95% to 100%; the fruit set rate is above 95%, the sugar content of fruits is increased by 1-3 degrees; the ear is basically disease-free, and the average grain weight is above 10 grams; The fruit matures 15-30 days in advance, and Kyoho matures 60-70 days after flowering. Its specific production technology points are. First, a reasonable load, nutritionally adequate ratio of the number of leaves and the number of ears is the number of reasonable indicators of grape load, moderate ratio of leaves and ears, the ear is neat, large fruit, high quality. The actual practice is: 1 m main vine leaves 5-6, of which 2-3 branches are the result branches, the rest are vegetative branches, leaving no ear; the result branches from the minister to 6-7 leaf tip, the earlier the time Well, because of the large leaves before flowering, the fruit setting rate and the seedless rate are high; the vegetative branches are 9-10 leaves, with an average of 20-25 leaf-rearing and 1.5 spikes, and all the secondary shoots on various branches must be erased; Spike from the tip of the spike to the 1/4-1/3 of the panicle, and the tendrils and subshoots should be removed early. Second, the management of good water, fruit quality requirements of the entire growth period of fertilization water 5 times: the first time before the bud with farm fertilizer and water irrigation planting ditch, water and fertilizer ratio of 5:1; the second time in the 10 days before flowering ditch irrigation farmer Fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, 0.1 kg of potassium fertilizer per plant; the third time in the 10 days after flowering, irrigation of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer, the ratio of water and fertilizer is 10:1; the fourth time in the 30 days after flowering, farm manure and fertilizer are applied to promote fruit enlargement. The fifth time in 40 days after flowering, before the fruits were turned, based on the farmyard manure, 0.1 kg of potassium per plant was added. After each fertilization, water should be applied. Water should be controlled after the coloring is started, and spray should be applied once every 7 days to effectively increase the fruit rate of the fruit. Third, the use of several kinds of non-nuclear agents Grape seedless agent applies to more than one grape varieties, such as tetraploid or diploid species with large non-nuclear tendency, Kyoho, Xianfeng, Fujisawa, Hiroshi Lin, Red Fuji, Shanghei, Zexiang, Xiangyu, Comber, etc., and horse (cattle) tits, rose-rose, sabah pearl, white jasmine, and jixiang in the Ikawa series, can reduce the amount of water by 1/3 according to the formula below. . The specific method for applying the nucleating agent is as follows. 1, grape seedlings treatment (1) preparation method for eliminating seed. For every 667 m2, use 10 g of Elixir and add 250 ml of alcohol, stir and dissolve for 5 minutes, then add 750 ml of warm water at 40°C. After the solution is completely dissolved, inject the liquid active agent and prepare a total of 1000 ml of stock solution. When applying, 29 kg of clear water should be added. (2) How to use it. Only 2 doses are required for each growth period. The first application was within 5 days after flowering of the plants, and the second was applied 15 days after flowering. Method: Apply directly to the ear with dipping, spraying, coating, and rubbing. (3) Attention matters. The medication should be selected on sunny days to improve the fruit setting rate and application effect; the medicament should be applied evenly, and no blank grains or spikes can be left, so that the whole ripening of the whole branch can be matured and the unified management can be helpful. 2, with "920" to deal with the ear: the application of "900" to treat the ear, can also make more than 90% of seedless varieties of grapes denuclear, 15-20 days ahead of maturity. (1) Take an effective concentration of 4% for every 667 square meters of "92" 25ml or 25g, and add 20kg of water with a small amount of alcohol. (2) Using a plastic bucket with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 20 cm, immerse the spike in the liquid for 2-3 seconds within 10-15 days of the initial flowering period and 4 days after flowering. The sprayer can also be used to evenly distribute flower spikes. Spray it. 3. Kyoho grapes are soaked with cytokinin and can be soaked with gibberellin solution 14 days before flowering; 10-15 days after flowering, with (5-10)x10-6 phenylurea cells. The soaking of the lysine and 2510-6 gibberellin mixture will also denucleate the Kyoho grapes and improve the maturity of the market. 4, grape fruit agent: effective for all grape varieties. (1) The main effect. The nucleated grape can be made to be seedless, the average seedless rate is above 95%, the fruit setting rate is increased by 6% to 19%, and the coloration is promoted. The coloring period is 10-21 days earlier than that of the control group, and the coloring degree is more intense; Mature harvesting 15-30 days; soluble solid content increased by 2% -5.6%, sweetness increased by 2 degrees; and non-nuclear varieties can promote fruit enlargement, yield increase. (2) Use of technology. During the medication period, 5-7 days before flowering, the liquid is filled in a cup or plastic bottle with high piles (the plastic bottle of Coke will be cut in half), and the flower spike is immersed in the liquid and shaken gently. Each flower bud is evenly affixed with a liquid; 3 to 5 days after flowering, when the fruit grows, it is difficult to make the liquid. It can be sprayed with a hand-held sprayer, but it must be sprayed evenly on all fruit. Dosage (667 square meters): Before flowering, use 10-18 kilograms of clean water, stir 0.3 g of A-5-2 into the water, and then pour 15 ml of A-5-1 into the liquid. Liquid preparations spikes; after flowering, 20 to 24 kg of water can be used to pour 200 ml of B-3 into the water and mix the ears. (3) Attention matters. Use this medicine to avoid spraying alkaline pesticides within 5 days before treatment. The agent should not be used in combination with other agents. Diluted chemicals should be used up for a long time. Prepare and use liquid medicine before using the device to wash with water; in the flowering period, after the flower, if you encounter a long period of low temperature, rainy weather, should not use the drug; appropriate application, the drug is uniform, can be Make the fruit mature, neat ear, and the economic result is ideal. Fourth, spray rare earth fertilizer to make non-nuclear grape stable production, high quality, early maturity 10 days before the grape bud, physiological fruit drop and fruit softening, each spraying a 0.05% -0.1% rare earth solution, can increase fruit set rate 24.8%, production increased by 11.6%, sugar content increased by 1.5% to 2.5%, matured 5-7 days. Attention matters. Rare earth microelement fertilizers have good effects when field water and fertilizer conditions are good. Due to the complementary effect of nutrients, rare earth microelement fertilizers should be dissolved in warm water of about 40°C, and then added to the required concentration. Rare earth microelement fertilizers should be used. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will not diminish after the day they are used up.
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