â— Xiong Xingping (Zhejiang Longwan Chemical Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325013)
Among the various plant diseases, bacterial infections are a significant category, accounting for approximately 20% of all crop infestation diseases. These diseases are caused by bacteria and can lead to serious damage to crops. In this article, I will focus on bacterial diseases and discuss effective preventive and control agents that can be used in agriculture.
The primary symptoms of bacterial diseases include necrosis, rotting, wilting, and deformation. These manifestations result from the destruction of cell structures and vascular tissues, which disrupts normal plant functions. On leaves with reticulate veins, lesions often appear as polygonal spots with yellow halos. Lesions on thickened tissues or fruits tend to be round, while soft and juicy tissues are more prone to decay. In some cases, bacterial infection leads to tumor formation, commonly observed on roots or stems. Wilting is another common symptom, caused by the infiltration of bacteria into the vascular system, which prevents the proper transport of water and nutrients, ultimately leading to plant death.
Unlike fungal diseases, bacterial infections do not produce hyphae or spores, and there is no mold visible on the lesion surface. However, bacterial exudates—often referred to as "bacterial ooze"—can be observed, except in cases involving root nodules or crown gall bacteria. The smooth texture of the lesion surface is a key diagnostic feature of bacterial diseases.
According to data from pesticide electronic manuals and registration bulletins, there are currently 29 commonly used and effective chemical agents available for controlling bacterial plant diseases. Here is a detailed list of these products:
1. Thiobacillus Copper: Known under the trade name Longkei, its English name is thiodiazole-copper. This organic copper-based bactericide was independently developed by Zhejiang Longwan Chemical and has been patented as a national invention. It is particularly effective against bacterial leaf streak, base rot, soft rot, and bacterial wilt.
2. Thiodizole: Also known as Yezizi, Ye Qingshuang, Chuanhua-018, and Dukuning, it is produced by Zhejiang Longwan Chemical and is effective against bacterial diseases such as rice bacterial streak and leaf blight.
3. Bordeaux Mixture: A traditional fungicide composed of copper sulfate, lime, and water in specific proportions.
4. Daisen Ammonium: Amobam
5. Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate
6. Trichloroisocyanuric Acid: Commonly referred to as "Strong Chlorine."
7. Chlorobromoisocyanuric Acid: Also known as "Dendrazole" and "Sterilization Into."
8. Copper Hydroxide: Cu(OH)â‚‚, also known as Fengan Security, Cankill 101, Cankill 2000, Guanyin Copper, and Guanyin Clear.
9. Copper Rosin Acid: Known as Green Milk Copper or Green Mycelium.
10. Cuprous Oxide: Also called Copper Master or God Copper.
11. Biclicin: Known as Ethylicin.
12. Trichloroisocyanuric Acid
13. Ningnanmycin
14. Ammonia Copper: Also known as Cuamino Sulfate or Copper Tetrasulfate Ammonia.
15. Amino Oligosaccharides: Also referred to as "Chito-oligosaccharides" or "Stirling."
16. Mixed Amino Acid Copper: Known as Double Effect Ling.
17. Zhongshengmycin: Trade name "Ke Xi Kang."
18. Copper Acetate: Also known as Copper Acetate.
19. Agricultural Streptomycin
20. Copper Oxychloride: Also known as Wang Copper or Basic Copper Chloride.
21. Nitro Humic Acid Copper: Also called "Bacteria Will Be Grams."
22. Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride: Also known as Hydrathomycin or Neomycin.
23. Thousand Copper: Product name "Dongfeng Xiajian," exclusively produced by Zhejiang Dongfeng Chemical.
24. Thiazole Zinc: Produced by Zhejiang Xinnong Chemical Co., Ltd.
25. Thiabendazole: Trade name "Qingshuling," produced exclusively by Wenzhou Lucheng Zhibao Chemical Company.
26. Amber Acid Copper: Also known as Dibasic Copper, DT, or Copper Succinate.
27. Bacillus Polymyxa: Product name "Contiyet," produced exclusively by Shanghai Zeyuan Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
28. Gold Nuclear Medicine
29. Grams of Bacteria
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