King of pasture - Alfalfa

Purple alfalfa, also known as alfalfa and purple alfalfa, is the most important cultivated pasture in the world and is known as the "king of forages". Originated from Asia Minor, Transcaucasia and Iran, it is distributed in five continents in the world. The total planting area is more than 30,000 hectares, of which the United States accounts for more than 30%. In 126 BC, Zhang Qian was introduced into China when he was sent to the Western Regions. It is mainly distributed in the northwest, north, and northeast regions. Morphological characteristics: Alfalfa is a perennial herb of the family Leguminosae. Its life span is usually 5-10 years, and the highest one is 25 years. The roots are well-developed, with straight roots, thick and long main roots, 3-6 meters deep into the soil, and up to 10 meters in depth, with many root nodules on the lateral roots, roots on the top of the stem and stems, and stems from the roots. The seeds are small, kidney-shaped, yellowish-brown, and the new seeds are shiny, with a grain weight of 2.33 grams and about 210,000 seeds per catty. Biological characteristics: Alfalfa is an insect cross-pollination plant, hi warm semi-arid climate. Cold resistance, can withstand low temperature -20 degrees. Due to the deep root system, the drought resistance is also very strong, but the summer high temperature is not conducive to growth. It can be planted in areas with an annual rainfall of 250-800 mm and a frost-free period of more than 100 days. Hi-neutral or slightly alkaline soil, PH value of 6-8 is appropriate, not strong acid, strong alkali soil. It is not suitable for planting in areas with high groundwater level, poor drainage, or annual rainfall above 1000 mm. Cultivation techniques: Seeds are small and fine. Before sowing, they need to be finely soil-slung, do deep plowing and cultivating, and apply emptiness to the ground, and keep the soil moisture. Apply farmyard manure and phosphorus fertilizer as the base fertilizer in poor soil to facilitate nodule formation. When cultivated on a soil that has never been cultivated, inoculation with rhizobia has a good effect of increasing yield. It can be broadcast in spring and summer. When the spring moisture is good, it can be planted in early spring. In areas with spring drought and windy sand, the area should be planted in the rainy season. Generally, the amount of seed per acre is 0.5-1 kg, sowing depth is 2-3 cm, drilling depth is 30-50 cm. When the seedlings are short and vulnerable to weeds, weeding should be done in time. Because of the large amount of water consumed by thorium, irrigation can significantly increase production during the dry season. Early spring irrigation and irrigation after each castration are very significant for improving the yield of alfalfa. Use: Fresh grass and hay are excellent forages for meat cows. Their nutritional value is high, their palatability is good, they are easily digestible, and all kinds of livestock are extremely fond of food. At the beginning of flowering, the crude protein content of the finished hay can reach 17%. Drought-free areas have no irrigation conditions, and they can be cut 2-3 times a year. There are irrigation conditions or precipitation can be cast 3-7 times. Under irrigation conditions, 1,000-1,500 kg of hay can be produced per mu or 40-50 kg of seeds can be produced. Alfalfa can be used for grazing, green feeding, modulation of hay, silage and beating for feeding various kinds of livestock. When used to modulate hay, it should be in the early flowering period, pay attention to the sun exposure and cause leaves to fall off. When barley feeds sheep and middle ruminants, it should cooperate with other grasses. When silage, grasses with a high carbohydrate content are added. Beef cattle, Boer goats, Small Tail Han sheep and other species are the most economical breeding models. References: http://

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