Cage culture of predatory fish refers to the farming of fish species other than plankton-feeding ones, primarily carp and related species. This includes varieties such as common carp, grass carp, tilapia, freshwater snails, squid, eel, and more. Cage fish farming is highly favored due to its cost-effectiveness, high yield, and strong economic returns. However, success in this method requires careful daily management, covering several key areas.
Feeding plays a crucial role in cage culture. Most farmers use compound feed, which can be prepared on-site or purchased from suppliers. The type of feed should match the species being raised, and feeding frequency and quantity must be adjusted based on factors like fish species, season, water temperature, water quality, and weather conditions. Typically, fish are fed 6–8 times a day, with an intake of about 2–7% of their body weight per day.
Regular inspection of cages is essential. Before placing them in the water, they should be carefully checked for damage. After stocking, another inspection is necessary to ensure no damage has occurred and to prevent theft. Anti-escape checks are usually done in the evening and early morning, while anti-theft inspections are more frequent toward the end of the growing season, especially before harvesting. After storms or floods, immediate inspections are required to identify any issues.
Cleaning cage nets is also important. Within 3–5 days of submerging, algae and dirt often accumulate, clogging the mesh and reducing water circulation. This can lead to low oxygen levels and poor fish health. Cages should be cleaned regularly by lifting the net, scrubbing it manually, or using water to wash it. Mechanical, chemical, or biological cleaning methods can also be used, but care must be taken not to damage the netting.
Cages should be moved periodically according to water level changes and seasonal flooding. This helps avoid unfavorable conditions and ensures the fish have optimal living environments.
During extreme weather, such as storms or floods, extra precautions are needed. Strong winds can cause floating cages to tip over or sink, so it's important to check the stability of frames and anchor points before bad weather hits. Fixed cages should be reinforced, and ropes should be inspected for looseness. Floating cages need special attention to prevent damage during heavy winds. Floods can increase water flow, dislodge anchors, or shift floating cages. Before floods, cages should be elevated, and open areas covered with netting if necessary. After any severe weather, a full inspection is required to check for damage, loose ropes, or dead fish.
Regular monitoring of the fish population is also vital. Checking every 7–10 days allows for early detection of diseases, proper adjustment of feeding rates, and identification of potential escapes or predators. If checks are delayed beyond 15 days, it becomes harder to manage feeding effectively, leading to either overfeeding or underfeeding.
Disease prevention is a top priority in cage farming. Common preventive measures include disinfecting fish, tools, and feeding areas, using medicated bags, and treating larvae or fingerlings. These practices are typically carried out twice or three times per production cycle—once when cages are stocked, again before the peak season in early May, and once before and after the start of autumn in August. Combining prevention with treatment ensures better fish health and productivity.
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