Which fish are most suitable for paddy fields?

In the past, paddy field fish farming mainly involved a limited number of species such as carp, silver carp, and grass carp. However, today, the range has expanded significantly, with various species like tilapia, catfish, loach, river crabs, macrobrachium rosenbergii, and even green prawns being successfully raised. Additionally, integrated systems now allow for the cultivation of bamboo shoots, vegetables, and edible fungi alongside fish, making paddy fields more productive and sustainable. Different regions can choose species based on local conditions and climate. In general, any fish suitable for pond culture can also thrive in paddy fields, although oyster fish are commonly used. Some species like squid and tilapia have also been introduced successfully. Squid is well-suited for shallow water environments and is omnivorous, feeding on young weed roots, shoots, small underground stems, filamentous algae, insects, mollusks, and zooplankton. When stocked in paddy fields, they can reach 50 grams within two months and grow to 100 grams in three months. By the following year, they can reach up to 250 grams in just three months. The fry production is relatively easy, making it convenient for farmers to raise them themselves. This makes squid an excellent choice for paddy field fish farming. Grass carp can also adapt well to shallow water and primarily feed on aquatic weeds. As a key species in paddy field farming, it provides large fish for ponds, lakes, and eel farms. Fry can grow to 50 grams within two months, showing strong growth potential. Tilapia is another popular option due to its adaptability to shallow waters, high tolerance for heat, and omnivorous diet, which includes large amounts of algae. It's particularly suitable for late rice fields. However, because tilapia is a tropical species, it is not ideal for cold-water areas, and winter survival can be challenging. As a result, its widespread adoption is still limited. Squid, again, is well-adapted to shallow waters, is omnivorous, and has good fry production and meat quality. In the first season, paddy fields can produce about 50 grams of edible fish, making it a promising option for integrated rice and fish farming systems.

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