Fertilizer Requirements and Fertilization Techniques for Silage Maize and Silage Sorghum

I. Silage corn fertilization technique Spring maize's nitrogen uptake amounted to 2.14% of total nitrogen at seedling stage; 32.21% to jointing and booting stage; 18.95% to heading and anthesis, and 46.7% to grain formation stage. Due to the short growth period of summer maize, the nitrogen absorption time was earlier, the absorption rate was faster, and the seedling stage accounted for 9.7%; the jointing and booting stage accounted for 76.19%; the heading and maturity accounted for 14.11%. The absorption of phosphorus in spring maize accounted for 1.12% of the total seedling period, 45.04% for jointing and booting, and 53.84% for heading fertilization and grain formation. Phosphorus absorption by summer maize was earlier, with 10.16% absorption at seedling stage, 62.60% absorption at booting stage, 17.37% absorption at heading fertilization stage, and 9.51% absorption at grain formation stage. The absorption of potassium by spring corn and summer corn is similar. More than 70% of the plants are absorbed before heading and 30% when heading and fertilizing. 1. Basal fertilizer applies 200-300kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, and promotes fertilization of crop straw. Nitrogen fertilizer generally accounts for 60% of the total fertilization in the whole growth period. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are all applied at one time. General application of fertilizer for every 667 square meters 50kg, also applied 15kg urea, phosphorus diammonium 15kg, potassium chloride 15 ~ 20kg. Basal fertilizers are usually spread before sowing, and then they are deeply turned into the plough layer where the roots are concentrated. When the amount of fertilizer is small, the furrows should be concentrated. 2. The effect of seed fertilizer is to supplement the deficiency of available nutrients in the soil surface during seedling period, and to meet the nutrient demand of corn seedlings. Nitrogen as a seed fertilizer should be separated from the seed so as not to affect the germination and emergence of the seed. Fertilizer dosage should not be too large, the specific type and quantity should be determined according to soil test results. 3. The amount of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is generally 40% of the total amount of fertilizer. The land with higher ground force, adequate basal fertilizer, and normal plant growth can be concentrated in one fertigation period. Sites with poor soil fertility, insufficient basal fertilizer and weak seedlings can be fertilized at the jointing stage. When the spring corn is topped with fertilizer in two separate applications, it uses the “light before weight” method. One-third of the top dressing is applied in the early jointing period, and 2/3 is applied to the big bell mouth. When the summer corn is topped off in two separate applications, the "heavy lighter" method is used. 2/3 of the top dressing is applied in the early stage of jointing, and 1/3 of the large bell mouth is applied to Table 1. Second, silage sorghum fertilization technology Sorghum fertilization required sorghum from the seedlings to maturity can be divided into three periods: First, the early period of reproduction, from the seedlings unearthed to the jointing two is the mid-fertility, from jointing to the formation of the ear three is the late reproductive period, from the flowering Pollination to grain formation. There are different fertility characteristics in different periods and the demand for fertilizers is different. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the early growth period accounted for 12% to 20% of the whole growth period. The nutrient at the seedling stage was sufficient, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, which was conducive to the growth of the root system; the mid-birth period was the most vigorous growth in the whole growth period. At the stage, the absorption of the three elements of fertilizer accounted for 63% to 86% of the total absorption. Therefore, sufficient supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is beneficial to the improvement of production and prevention of lodging. The amount of fertilizer absorbed in the late growth stage accounts for 2% to 22% of the total growth period. Appropriate supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can provide a large amount of nutrients needed for grain formation. 1. Base fertilizer applies 200-300kg of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters. Promote the return of straw to fertilize fertility. Fertilizer requires nitrogen fertilizer to account for 60% of total nitrogen application. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are all applied at one time. Generally, 50 kg of special fertilizer or 15 kg of urea, 15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 20 kg of potassium chloride can be applied. There are two methods for spreading and applying basal fertilizer. Subsistence involves combining soil preparation before sowing and spreading basal fertilizer. The application was applied before and after sowing. 2. Applying a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer or decomposed and diluted manure water as a seed fertilizer every 667 square meters when planting seed fertilizer is beneficial to the whole seedlings and strong seedlings. Specific fertilizer types should be determined based on soil test results. Nitrogen as a seed fertilizer should be separated from the seed so as not to affect the germination and emergence of the seed. 3. Top-dressing topdressing can meet the growth of silage sorghum in the middle and later stages, which will help increase production. Top dressing is mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, and the topdressing fertilizer can generally be traced to the remaining nitrogen fertilizer. The best dressing period is at the jointing stage. The topdressing method is to apply ditching, acupuncture, or spreading. When spreading, it must be accompanied by deep cultivating or watering so that the fertilizer effect can be exerted. Dryland can be combined with rain dressing.

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