Pepper anthrax, also known as "tiger disease," is a common fungal infection that primarily affects the fruit. The symptoms begin as brown, water-soaked spots on the surface of the pepper, which are round or irregular in shape and typically about 1 cm in diameter. These lesions often sink into the fruit, and the boundary between healthy and diseased tissue is clearly visible. Black or orange-red spots may also appear on the affected areas. When dry, the lesions tend to shrink and crack, giving the fruit a pattern resembling tiger skin. In wet conditions, a sticky red substance oozes from the lesions, and the fruit eventually rots and falls off. This disease thrives in high humidity and warm temperatures, spreading rapidly and causing significant damage within just a week.
To manage pepper anthrax, it is recommended to use fungicides such as 80% mancozeb WP diluted at 800 times, 75% chlorothalonil WP at 500–600 times, or 70% mancozeb WP at 400–500 times. Alternatively, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP can be applied at 600–800 times. Spraying should be done every 7–10 days, with up to three applications depending on the severity of the infection.
Hot pepper rot is another serious issue, mainly affecting green fruits. It starts as dark green spots on the skin, which then turn brown and soften, leading to internal rot and a foul smell. The fruit becomes deformed, resembling a bag filled with muddy water, hence the name "a bucket of water." After drying, the fruit shrinks and leaves only the grayish-white peel hanging on the vine.
For control, it's important to spray immediately after rain using products like 72% streptomycin WP at 4000 times, 50% copper succinate WP at 500 times, or 77% mancozeb WP at 500 times. These should be applied 3–4 times daily, especially during rainy periods.
Pepper virus disease causes a range of symptoms, including mosaic patterns, yellowing, necrosis, and leaf deformation. In severe cases, multiple symptoms may occur simultaneously, leading to leaf drop, flower and fruit shedding, and necrosis at the growing tip. Early intervention is crucial.
Control measures include applying virus-specific solutions such as Virus K, Virus A, or Virus Spirit at 400–500 times dilution, sprayed every 7 days for up to three times. Additionally, solutions like 0.1% potassium permanganate, 20 mg/kg naphthalene acetic acid, or 1% superphosphate can also help manage mosaic virus effectively.
Lastly, pepper blight is a destructive disease that affects both the stems and fruits. Black, elongated spots form on the stem, quickly spreading around the area and causing the tissue to become sunken or constricted. Water-soaked lesions appear on the leaf tips or edges, leading to soft rot and wilting. On the fruit, the infection begins at the pedicle, turning dark green and then brown and soft. As the fruit dries, it shrinks but does not fall off, and a grayish-white moldy layer may develop when moist.
To control pepper blight, use 50% metconazole WP at 500–600 times, 60% DTM WP at 500 times, 77% mancozeb WP at 500 times, or 75% copper oxychloride WP at 100 times. Apply these sprays every 7–10 days, with up to three applications. In severe cases, spraying every five days may be necessary.
Sterilization Container
The purpose of the sterilization box is to store the equipment in the process of packaging, sterilization, transfer, storage and so on. These orthopeadic instruments working mode is suitable for high pressure steam sterilization, not suitable for dry heat sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, ultraviolet sterilization, microwave sterilization and formaldehyde sterilization. The sterilization instrument box is divided into two parts,the cover and the body. The central area of the box cover is the filter system of the disinfection box, which is composed of quick filter system clasps and filter paper. The clasps need to be fixed by double keys, and the fixed sound can be heard during operation, which can effectively avoid the accidental loss of filter paper. Filter paper can be reused for 1 000 times, has chemical resistance, its chemical properties will not change with time, and its hardness exceeds steel. There is also a safety fit for the filtration system around the box cover, namely a silicone washer and a tension retaining ring. On both sides of the box there are handles, locks and sockets for indicating signs.
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