The age of young hens at the start of production is a measure of their sexual maturity. In order to control the age of production, it is necessary to understand the factors affecting sexual maturity. It is generally believed that besides rapid factors, the level of protein in dipping material in terms of feeding and management, the length of time that young chickens get light, and the degree of chicken Mature and late are all influential. Proteins in feed, especially animal proteins, can stimulate the development of sexual organs in young chickens and allow them to start production as soon as possible. To enable individuals with slow development in the group to start production early, one can pick out isolation and strengthen rearing, by increasing the amount of protein in the diet. Conversely, to delay the production of fast-growing chickens, it is necessary to reduce the protein content of the diet as early as possible, or to appropriately reduce the amount of feed. Only the total number of hours of daily light is enough (the total number of hours of natural light plus artificial light reaches more than 11 hours). On this basis, the daily light duration remains stable or changes from short to long. This kind of light has a positive effect on sexual maturity and egg production.
If the total illumination time per mouth is less than 11 hours, or from long to short, such light inhibits sexual maturation and laying. According to this, in the modern chicken industry, the age of the plumage is often controlled by controlling the light. Most of the current good products are relatively early, and in order to prevent premature start of production, short light practices are generally adopted during the entire breeding period. Specifically, two kinds of lighting systems can be used for chickens raised in closed chicken houses. One is to gradually reduce the light system: When the chicks are hatched, they are given 14 hours of light per day, and then subtract 15 minutes each week. By 20 weeks of age, the light is reduced to 9 hours per day. The other is a constant light system. The day of hatching is followed by an illumination time of 23-24 hours per day within a week, and the illumination time of 8 weeks of 18 weeks of age at 2 weeks of age is constant. For chickens raised in general open chicken houses, due to the difficulty of artificial obscuration, the following methods can be used. The chickens hatched in the northern part of the country from the second half of April to the end of August are in natural light at the later stage of their development. In a period of gradual shortening, natural lighting can be fully utilized without manual control. For chicks hatched from the beginning of September to the first half of April of the following year, one of the following two lighting systems can be used as appropriate.
(1) Gradually reduce the light system: the number of hours of light required for a newborn is equal to the length of the chick's 20 weeks of age. The local natural light hours are added for 5 hours, and thereafter the weekly light is reduced by 15 minutes to 20 weeks of age. Exactly 5 hours, just use natural light. As can be seen from the above, manual control of lighting includes two kinds of measures, both limiting natural lighting through shading, and supplementing natural lighting with artificial lighting.
(2) Constant light system: from chick hatching to 20 weeks of age, the daily illumination time is the same, and the specific illumination time is based on the local natural illumination hours when the chick is up to 20 weeks old;
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