1. Selection of improved varieties Summer maize in our province should choose stable and medium-early-maturing or mid-maturing varieties with certain potential for high yield, such as Zhengdan 958, Nongda 108, Daiyu 16, Dandan 20, Ludan 981, Xingkang 2, etc. Yu 9 and so on. To use high-quality seeds produced by regular companies, the germination rate should be above 85%, and it is best to apply seed coating. Second, the appropriate sowing 1. Interplanting corn: If the wheat field ridge narrow sets of summer maize, sowing time should be in the harvest before 7 to 10 days; nesting early corn and wheat symbiotic period long, thin corn seedlings, And when harvesting wheat, more seedlings are injured; if the seeding is too late, the significance of interplanting is lost. If it is a wide-ridge row sowing summer corn (reserved wide row corn belt), the sowing date can be mastered before the harvest 25 to 30 days. 2. Multi-sowing summer corn: Most of the summer corn areas in our province are planted with “wheat and maize two cropsâ€, and the harvest time from wheat harvest to summer corn is generally tight. Therefore, early sowing is critical for the high yield of summer corn. The multi-summer summer corn should be sown as early as possible after the wheat is harvested so as to obtain heat. The sowing time should generally not be later than June 15-18. Third, finely sown corn is basically a "single stalk, single ear" crop, lack of strain means lack of production. Therefore, to improve the quality of sowing and strive to broadcast "miao Qi, Miao Quan, Miao uniform, Miao Zhuang" is the basis for achieving high yields of corn. We must pay attention to improving the quality of sowing, reducing the phenomenon of lack of seedlings and ridges; in addition to using coated seeds as much as possible, sowing should be done with the same spacing and depth in order to avoid missed broadcasts or rebroadcasts. The row spacing should generally not be less than 60 cm. When the row spacing is too narrow, the permeability of the corn field is poor, and the poor microclimate in the field is likely to cause pests and diseases, and it is not conducive to field operations in the middle and late growth stages. Fourth, flexible irrigation at the end of drowning is very important to ensure the normal emergence of summer corn seed. After harvesting wheat and sowing the summer corn, it can be sown and then poured into the “headwater†so that it can be sown early. If you are planting corn in wheat fields, you can pour the "yellow water" before planting corn. During the critical period of corn growth and development, we must pay attention to drought prevention. The drought at the big bell mouth is commonly known as “card neck drought†and often causes difficulties in pollination, resulting in poor pollination; drought during silking often leads to pollination, poor fertilization, reduced number of grains per spike, reduced grain weight, and the most serious decline in yield; drought during grain filling Will reduce the weight. If severe drought conditions occur during the above periods, irrigation can be performed in time according to weather conditions. V. Proper and close planting Rational close planting is one of the important measures to achieve high maize yield. However, the planting density of corn must be “appropriateâ€. At present, the planting density on the production is more unreasonable, some are low, and the cultivation is too high; The original idea, but can not determine the appropriate planting density according to the characteristics of varieties, production conditions. The tightness of the compact varieties is relatively good, the suitable density range can be controlled at 4,000-5,000 strains/mu; the flat type varieties are not suitable for close planting, and the density range is generally controlled at 3,000 to 3,500 strains/mu; the semi-compact type has a medium density, Suitable density ranges from 3500 to 4000 plants/mu. In addition, high culm cultivars, large panicle cultivars, and planting densities in low-yielding, dry-slim areas should be appropriately diluted. Dwarf cultivars, spikelet-type cultivars, and fertile land, high-yield, and well-watered cultivars can be planted densely. Sixth, scientific fertilization There are many problems in the fertilization of summer maize production in our province. The main manifestations are: “diazotism, light potassium, lack of trace elements†in the fertilizer type, and “multiple fertilization times†rather than split application. The fertilization period is "strongly random." Therefore, in the application of nitrogen fertilizer should also emphasize the application of potassium fertilizer, individual areas should pay attention to supplement zinc, manganese, trace fertilizer; nitrogen fertilizer should be chase, do not try to "a shelling." No-tillage sowing of summer corn, generally 10-15 kg of NPK fertilizer per acre and 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate, applied as seed fertilizer to the soil at the time of sowing, but the seed fertilizer must be applied separately from the seeds (branches or points Layer) to prevent burning or burning buds; no conditions apply fertilizer or nesting corn field, the fertilizer can be used as seedlings after the application of Dingmiao. The large bell-mouth period can be topped with 20-30 kg of urea or 55-80 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre; high-yield plots can be topdressed with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer as the attacking grain fertilizer. 7. Integrated control of grassy weeds 1. Control of weeds: 50% acetochlor EC can be used for “closed†before sowing after corn sowing. The dosage per mu is 100-150 ml, and 40-50 kg for water. Large bell mouth period can choose 20% grams of traceless liquid 150 ~ 250 ml in the direction of corn spray. 2. Insect pest control: Insect pests during maize growth include corn borer, corn borer, armyworm, and thrips. The best time for preventing and controlling corn borer (Rhizoma ricinus) is in the period of large bell mouth, 0.5-0.75 kg of 1.5% phoxim granule can be used per mu, and 6-8 kg of sand can be added to the heart. The hazard period of corn borer is from tasselling to loose powder. In the initial stage, 10% of imidacloprid wettable powder can be sprayed and removed at 4000 to 5000 times. When the armyworm occurs at seedling stage, 50% phoxim EC can be used for prevention and treatment. Thrips damage mainly in the seedling stage, can be used 10% of the imidacloprid wettable powder 4000 to 5000 times spray to eliminate governance. In addition, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of diseases such as Curvularia spp., Brown spot disease, and Rough deficiencies. VIII. Strengthening Management The summer maize field management in our province is relatively extensive, especially the importance of field management in the middle and later periods is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen field management, in particular, to strengthen the field management in the ear period. 1. Cockroaches: In recent years, the area of ​​“strewn wheat straw and no-tillage sowing†in our province has been increasing. When using this planting method, the combine harvester equipped with straw chopping and scattering device should be used as far as possible when wheat is harvested. The length of the wheat straw should not exceed 10 cm and the wheat straw should be uniformly distributed; after the corn emerges, it is combined with the seedlings or the fixed seedlings for cultivating. Extermination. When wheat is harvested without straw comminution, a corn no-tillage sowing machine with stubble-killing function can be used for corn planting, and a number of operations such as stalk comminution, stubble culling and corn sowing can be completed at one time. 2. Seedlings in early morning and appropriate late seedlings: Marrowlings may be carried out in the period of 3 to 4 leaf stages, and 5 to 6 leaf stage stages. When setting seedlings, it is necessary to “retain strong seedlings, uniform seedlingsâ€, “go weak seedlings, small seedlings, and disease-infected seedlingsâ€, and when the seedlings are short, they can stay in the nearest place in the same line or adjacent rows. 3. Afforestation and earth-cultivation: In windy and rainy areas, cultivating soil can be combined with cultivator before mulching, and the height of soil is appropriate to be about 8 cm, which can promote the growth of aerial roots and effectively prevent lodging. 4. The emasculation technique: high-yield fields can be removed after the tassels are drawn to the loose powder before the loose powder, to reduce nutrient consumption, but the emasculation ratio should not exceed 2/3, otherwise it will affect the normal pollination. All the tassels can also be removed after the loose powder is finished to increase the lightness of the upper middle leaves. 5. Artificially assisted pollination: Artificially assisted pollination may be performed during flowering and silking in the event of high temperature weather or rainy weather or insoldied weather, so as to improve the ability to bear fruit and reduce baldness.
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