1. Status of Aquatic Feeds at Home and Abroad Aquatic products are one of the most important agricultural products. About 7.5% of the world's total food comes from the oceans, lakes, and rivers. The animal protein intake of people in developing countries is mainly derived from aquatic products. Due to the declining resources of wild aquatic products, people will increasingly rely on aquaculture. In the aquaculture industry of the world's aquatic products, more than 75% come from Asian developing countries, of which China’s aquatic products account for the largest amount of production in the world, which has reached about 60%. See the World Aquatic Products Production Distribution Table. China 60% Japan 6% North Korea 4% India 6% Philippines 3% Others 21% It can be seen from the above that China is the world’s largest aquatic producer, and the aquaculture industry is still growing at a rate of around 10% per year. The feed production volume reached 3.73 million tons, but the aquafeed production was subject to restrictions in the original production process conditions and equipment, etc. The majority of the produced aquatic feed was hard pellet feed, and the expanded pellet feed accounted for only a small part. In foreign countries, the production of extruded pellets in the 1980s has rapidly developed into large-scale production and is gradually eliminating hard-grained aquatic feed production lines. Therefore, it is imperative to develop our country's expanded feed. 2. Advantages of wet expander in aquafeed production 2.1 Current aquatic feed processing companies are facing special challenges. On the one hand, special feeds for aquaculture farmers are needed. On the other hand, aquafeeds produced in And there should be competition on price. The above requirements can be solved through wet expansion process. This processing method can not only reduce the cost of feed production and increase efficiency, but also enable farmers to obtain considerable economic benefits from the adoption of expanded feed aquaculture. 2.2 Aquatic feeds processed with expanded equipment have the following advantages: they can produce a wide variety of products; improve the conversion rate of feed; improve the stability of feed in water; facilitate the control of feed density; the mechanical properties of finished feed are good; The lowest cost formula reduces feed production costs; feed is more hygienic. 2.2.1 can produce a wide range of products, for aquatic feed, the feed can be processed such as: shrimp, crab, squid, carp, squid, frogs, etc., can also produce full-fat soybean, cat and dog feed, pet feed, watch Animal feed and other specialty feeds. 2.2.2 Improve the feed conversion rate, because the material processed through the high temperature transient (HTST), so that the degree of gelatinization of the starch in the feed increased, can reach 80 - 99%, more conducive to animals, especially aquatic animals (because of aquatic The animal's intestinal tract is short and fine) The digestion and absorption of feed, and the hard pellet feed is generally up to about 30%. 2.2.3 To improve the stability of feed in water, stability is an important indicator for aquafeeds, especially for slow-food animals such as shrimp and crabs. Because the stability in the water is not good, aquatic animals will have to eat in the future, and the feed will be decomposed in water, which will waste feed and pollute the water quality. This will be detrimental to the environmental protection and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry, and the stability of extruded feed in water. Achieved; 12 hours, up to 24 hours or more, this is enough time to wait for animals to feed, and shrimp feed requires stability in water in an average of 4 hours. 2.2.4 Facilitate the control of feed density. It can produce floating feeds, sinking feeds and slow-settling feeds (process parameters in slow-sinking feed processing are more difficult to control), which is more conducive to the needs of different water layer animals for feed. Using floating feed, it allows farmers to observe the feed intake of the fish so that it can adjust the feed and save the feed. 2.2.5 Expanded feed has good mechanical properties and is not easily broken. Because the finished feed will produce dust before it is broken or decomposed before use, it will not only increase the waste of feed but also pollute the water quality and air. 2.2.6 The feed is more hygienic. The processing of the material through high temperature transient (HTST) is equivalent to the pasteurization process. The harmful bacteria in the feed are all killed, thus reducing the impact of feed on the aquatic animals and the harmful bacteria on water quality. Pollution. In recent years, wet extrusion extruders developed for aquatic feeds have been gradually developed to produce feeds of various specifications. Due to the differences in design formulas, they can be produced on the same equipment with only minor changes. Wet puffing equipment has become a competitive tool for the production of aquafeeds because of its versatility. With the application of computer technology in the control of wet puffing machines, the control of wet puffing machines will become easier, which will greatly expand the wet puffing process. Machine application in aquafeed production.
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