Miao Qimiao seedlings must be strong against underground pests

In the process of growth and development of Chinese herbal medicine, due to the presence of underground pests in the medicinal field, the development of Chinese herbal medicine seedlings and plants may be directly affected, and the quality of medicinal herbs may be deteriorated and the yield may be reduced. Therefore, how to identify and effectively control the underground pests in drug field is the key to ensure that the seedlings grow robustly and increase production. Pest Identification and Hazard Characteristics 1. Small ground tiger Small ground tiger, also known as cutworm, is Lepidoptera noctuidae, mainly larvae. The mature larvae are 37-50cm long and are gray-black in color. The surface of the larvae is full of particles of varying sizes. The gluteal plate is yellow-brown and has two dark brown longitudinal stripes. The worms occurred in the third to fourth generations of the first year, and the first generation of larvae was concentrated, causing the greatest harm. In mid-April, the symptoms of infestation began to appear. The worms came out during the night and were caught in the soil during the day and were not easily detected. The seedlings are often snapped off from the earth's surface and are the main pests causing defoliation. 2. The cockroach is the collective name for the golden larvae, also known as the white-earth silkworm, which belongs to the Coleoptera family. The carcass is hypertrophic, curved into a "C" shape, with soft and wrinkled body walls, a milky white or yellow-white body, a yellow-brown or red-brown head, and enlarged abdomen. Cockroaches carry out harm in the middle of the nursery, but they mainly feed the seeds and roots that have just been sown. In the application of organic fertilizer is more, the occurrence of more pests, serious damage, not only affects the growth of drug seedlings, but also caused the lack of seedlings broken ridge. 3. It is also known as Lallah, which is Orthoptera. Adults and nymphs are responsible for the damage, mainly in Africa and northern China. The African carcass is about 30cm to 35cm long and gray-brown. The anterior thoracic spine is oval in shape. There is an obvious dark red long heart-shaped depression spot in the middle; the carcass in North China is about 36mm-55mm long, yellow-brown, and the pronotum is not obvious. Depression. The crickets started their activities in early April and stayed up late. They sneaked or gnawed seeds under the ground. In addition, earthworms often cut roots or cause mechanical damage to the roots in the underground sneak, which endangers the roots and seriously affects the normal growth and development of the seedlings. 4. Glossy dung beetles Ditchworm is also known as the earthworm, which belongs to the Coleoptera dipteranidae and is endangered by larvae in the soil. The mature larvae have a body length of 20mm to 30mm. The slender bodies are flat and cylindrical. The body walls are hard and smooth. The body sections are large and long. They have yellow fine hairs, dark brown heads, and a red longitudinal groove at the center of the pleura. Fork and bend slightly upwards. There are two major periods of damage to the seedlings of G. urticae. First, in the period from March to mid-April, when the ground temperature reaches 10°C, the seeds of the medicinal herbs are harmed; secondly, the young roots are harmed during the growing season. In addition, the dung beetle also invaded into the pith part of the main root feeding damage, resulting in serious growth of medicinal plants, and even death. Comprehensive control technology for underground pests in Yaotian 1. Agricultural control 1 Deep-turning soil in early winter. In a large number of plots, plowing in the beginning of winter can not only directly destroy part of the plutonium, but also expose a large amount of plutonium to the surface (or in shallow soil layers), allowing it to be frozen, dried, or eaten by natural enemies. This measure can generally reduce the number of locusts by 15% to 30%. 2 Weeding. Throughout the growing season, weeds, trenches, and empty weeds should be removed in time to reduce intermediate pests and spawning sites when underground pests occur. 3 Apply rotten organic fertilizer. Fertilizers that are piled up with straw and animal dung attract underground pests such as cockroaches and cockroaches to enter activities and lay eggs. If they are not decocted, the eggs contained therein will be carried into the soil. Therefore, we must use organic fertilizers that have been decomposed at high temperatures to cut off this route of transmission. 4 timely irrigation. The temperature and humidity environment in the soil has an important and direct influence on the growth and activity of underground pests. Tests have shown that the optimum soil moisture of the underground pests is 15% to 20%, and when the soil moisture content reaches 35% to 40%, it stops. Hazard, sneak into deep soil below 20cm to hide. Therefore, it is possible to control the damage of underground pests by irrigation without affecting the growth of the drug seedlings. 2. Artificial control 1 black light trapping. Adults of beetles, beetles and earthworms have strong phototaxis. At the end of March to April, they use light to seduce the adults of small tigers. From May to June, they use black lights to seduce beetles and beaks. Kill 5 heads to 20 heads, significantly reducing the density of insects. 2 sweet and sour liquid trapping. The beetle and small tiger adult have tropism toward sweet and sour liquid. They can be killed by sweet and sour liquid at the end of March or mid-April. The formula of sweet and sour liquid is: 6 parts sugar, 3 parts vinegar, 1 part liquor, 10 parts water, 9 parts of trichlorfon and mix thoroughly and put in the basin. Put 1 pot every 2 acres, and the height is 1.2m. Need to add 1 vinegar, killing effect is very good. 3 poison bait trapping. Small tiger adults and crickets can use poison baits to trap and kill: First, 5kg of cereals (or wheat bran into a cottonseed cake) is roasted with steady fire, and then 50% phoxim EC is mixed with water for 10 times, and it is sprinkled in the windless and sweltering evening. Application of booby traps, 2.5 kg per mu of bait. This measure is more effective in removing lice. 3. Chemical control 1 toxic soil method. Add 50% of phoxim 250g, add 2500g of water, mix with 25kg of fine soil and spread it to the sowing ditch at the time of sowing, killing insects and protecting seed. 2 Pharmaceutical irrigation, when a large number of pests occur (in mid-May), 50% phoxim per acre can be applied with water. Due to the large amount of irrigation and application, serious soil pollution is limited to the use of land that is particularly hazardous. 3 spraying control, in Miao Qi in April to control aphids, after spraying seedlings, then spray the roots, to prevent daytime hiding in the shallow soil in the small tiger.

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