I. Basic conditions for paddy field cultivation
1. Paddy field area. At least 1-5 acres, preferably 50 acres or more.
2. Soil conditions. Paddy soils are preferably made of neutral or slightly alkaline loam or clay and require strong water retention and fertility.
3. Water conditions. The paddy fields of fish farming require sufficient water sources, convenient drainage and irrigation, and are free from the effects of drought and flooding. The water level in the field can be maintained for a long time without reduction, especially the water energy in fish ditch and fish pit is often stable in the required water layer. The water quality requirements are pollution-free. The pH of the water is neutral or alkaline.
4. Heighten reinforcements. The height of the field ridge must reach about 0.5m to ensure its firmness and firmness.
5. Excavate fish ditch nests. Fish ditch and fish nests should be excavated in advance before transplanting. The fish ditch should be excavated at a distance of 80 to 100 centimeters from Tiantian at the ring field. Smaller rice fields should be dug into "10" shapes, and large and long rice fields should be dug into " The Tianzi shape, the shape of the well, or the shape of the head, the ditch is 30 cm deep and 40 cm wide. The fish pit should be located at the Tanabe or Tanabe close to the inlet, or it can be located in the center of the field. It has a depth of 100-120 cm and an area of ​​more than 5 square meters (according to the fisherman's requirements for fish production). The ditch is connected to the fish pond.
6. In the paddy field opposite the two corners of the field opened a note, drain outlet, and install the barred fish facilities.
Second, strengthen daily management
1. Strengthen the inspection of the field and check whether the field ridge is leaking, collapsing, and whether the fish stopping facilities are in good condition and promptly removed.
2. Adjust the depth of water in a timely manner to timely clear fish ditch and fish nests. The fish ditch and fish nests are usually cleaned every 10 days or so to keep the water in the fish ditch unobstructed, so that the fish nests can maintain the proper water storage height and ensure the normal growth environment of the eel.
3. Feeding and fertilizing. According to the weather, the body's fatness, fish size and activity conditions, feed concentrate feed, so that the quality, regular feeding, the daily feeding amount of 2% to 5% of the fish body weight. At the same time, according to the growth of rice and water quality, timely, appropriate amount of topdressing organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer.
III. Breeding mode and main technical indicators
1. Promote the "fish-fish-vegetable" deep-flood fish farming model: Tianmiao 0.5m high, fish ditch area 10% to 15% of paddy field area, surrounded by deep ditch width 1 ~ 1.2m, ditch depth 1m, field ditch width 0.5 m, 0.3-0.4m deep.
2. The ridge indica fish model: Tianmiao 0.5m high, fish ditch area accounted for 10% of the paddy field area, Huantian ditch width 0.5m, depth 0.4 ~ 0.5m, field ditch width 0.3 ~ 0.4m, depth 0.3 ~ 0.4m.
3. "Rice-fish-vegetable" deep-hole fish farming three-dimensional farming mode: Tianzhong rice, fish farming in the ditch, Tianqi vegetables.
Fourth, select and purify the rejuvenated stingray seedlings, release large-sized fingerlings, increase the stocking density, implement the third-level stocking and wheel catching techniques.
1. Promote the purification and rejuvenation of carp fingerlings, release large-sized fingerlings and increase stocking density.
2. Three-level stocking and catching. The specific approach is: from February to March each year, deep-water channeling stocks will be used to stock wintering species, or wintering species will be introduced after the spring planting seedlings are returned to green, 500 fishes will be released per 667 m2, and fish species will be reared from April to May. 8 to 9 summer fish species will be released from 700 to 800 tails/667m2; from August to September, 5 to 6 heads of autumn fish species will be placed at the end of 667m2, and large-scale species will be cultivated for the following year. Before and after the summer harvest of rice, round-fishing was carried out to bring the fish to the specifications. Before the summer harvest and the autumn harvest, the non-standard fish were transferred to the fish ditch so as not to affect the harvest of the rice. The whole process is referred to as “three shifts and two shiftsâ€, which not only stabilizes rice production, but also creates conditions for raising fish production and increasing income.
3. Feed formula feed to promote fish growth. During the whole cultivation period, especially in the season when the water temperature is high and the fish grows vigorously, it is necessary to feed 1 to 2 feeds per day, such as Big Godbird Extruded Feed, Tongwei Fish Feed, Rice Bran, and Soybean Meal to ensure fish There are plenty of feed sources at all stages of growth to promote fish growth.
V. Correctly handling the relationship between rice cultivation and fish farming
Fish farming and planting in the summer and harvesting in summer are the most prominent contradictions in rice field fish farming. In the process of paddy fish farming, in addition to deepening the fish ponds in the paddy field, the following measures should also be taken: First, the rice field should be cultivated, and the paddy fields should be allowed to dry for 7 to 10 days in the rice tiller stage, and the water depth of the paddy fields should be maintained at 30 cm or more at other times; When the early rice is mature, water harvesting is adopted to prevent the water in the paddy fields from shrinking after the water is released in the high temperature season, causing stress to the fish and affecting normal growth.
Sixth, strengthen disinfection, disease prevention, escape prevention, and steal prevention work
1. In the second half of the month before the fish fry is released, 200 to 250 grams of quick lime are used for rice field disinfection and killing of predators. After about 5 to 6 days, the alkaline lime disappears. After about 30 centimeters of water is poured, new water is gradually injected. During the epidemic season, the fish water body is sterilized on a regular basis, and close observation of the fish’s feeding and activities is performed daily to prevent disease.
2. Check the fish-repelling facilities at the entrance and exit of the water and find that the damage is repaired in time and do a good job of preventing the escape.
3. Carry out anti-steal work such as joint defense of villagers and night duty to ensure the safe production of rice-fish farming.
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