At the moment, when the grape harvest is in peak season, a farmer friend of Qidong Farm in Hanchuan City, Hubei Province called him and said that he applied some of the bio-organic compound fertilizer to the vineyard in autumn last year. Bio-organic compound fertilizer is 5%~10% higher, and the fruit is also high in sweetness. Nearly 3 acres of grapes are prepared to be used for winter after applying bio-organic compound fertilizers in the autumn, completely changing the habit of not using fertilizers in autumn.
Experts say that after harvesting grapes, generally, the fruit growers do not use basal fertilizer in autumn and winter. First, they are afraid of troubles. Second, they fear that the autumn fertilization will cause grapevines to suffer freezing injury in the winter. Third, there will be doubts as to whether there will be any aftereffects in autumn. The harvested grapes have been listed one after another. Some early-maturing grape harvests have come to an end. According to the mature experiences of various regions, it is time to prepare autumn basal fertilisers.
One must make it clear that the role of fertilization in autumn emphasizes that there is a scientific basis for grapes to be used for autumn fertilization. First, there are two peaks of rooting in grapes during the year, the first in the spring and the second in September and November. There is no need for fertilizer for new shoots, so roots can absorb stored nutrients, and root wounds that are injured during fertilization are easy to heal. Second, the grape that has entered the mature stage has the habit of picking fruit and flower buds at the edge, and fertilization can be performed after fruit picking. Yearly flower bud differentiation and improvement of fruit setting rate lay a good foundation.
Second, to highlight the basal fertilizer, the yield of fertilizer-producing grapes has a positive relationship with the level of fertilization. The intrinsic experience is to set the output by fertilizer, or to produce fat. In general, for every 500 kilograms of grapes produced, 1,000 kilograms of organic manure is required to be decomposed at high quality, and phosphorus and potash fertilizers are used in combination. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the basal fertilizer accounted for 60% to 70% of the whole year, phosphate fertilizer accounted for more than 80%, and potassium fertilizer accounted for 30% to 40%. In the newly-built vineyards, the first step is to dig and plant the ditch. The ditch width is 60 cm and the depth is 60 cm. After applying 3,000 to 5,000 kilograms of farmyard manure per acre, mix it with fine soil and make a base fertilizer. Then add a layer of ground fertilizer. Topsoil provides a good foundation for planting seedlings in the spring. The application amount of bio-organic compound fertilizer is about 50 kg per mu.
Third, with the pruning, purify the garden grape into a dormant period, to begin winter pruning, pruning period before the leaves to the beginning of spring. Before the repair is divided into short cut and update trim two. The short cut is for the main vine, and the update is for the old vine. For short cuts, 8-12 buds were long, 5-7 buds remained, and 2-3 buds remained short. For the species with a high number of cultivars, high and middle cultivars should adopt the method of long vines and medium culms. For medium or weak cultivars, medium and short vines should be the mainstay of the method. To renew pruning, the first is to grow the young shoots of the grape-based minister selectively. When the new shoots are able to produce more spikes, then the old vines, which have already declined, will be cut off; The update will go weak and stay strong. In addition, we must combine the cleanup of residual branches and fruit in the vineyards, eradicate weeds, disinfect the weeds, and disinfect the crops to suppress the incidence of diseases and insect pests in the coming year so that the effects of fertilization in autumn will further highlight the comprehensive advantages.
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