The main plant-based protein sources for meat pigeons include peas, broad beans, mung beans, and black beans. These are essential for providing the necessary amino acids that support muscle development and overall health. Animal protein feeds such as fish meal, shrimp meal, blood meal, and meat and bone meal are also commonly used to enhance growth and improve feather quality.
Energy feeds play a crucial role in a pigeon's diet and consist of carbohydrate-rich ingredients like corn, rice, millet, sorghum, barley, and wheat. Fats, such as rapeseed, sesame, and peanuts, are also important, especially for improving the luster of their feathers. Although fat is only needed in small amounts, it significantly contributes to the bird’s appearance and energy levels.
Green feeds like cabbage, spinach, carrots, and fresh grass provide essential nutrients, including chlorophyll, carotene, and various vitamins. These are vital for maintaining the health and vitality of meat pigeons, especially during breeding and growing periods.
Mineral supplements, such as shell powder, bone meal, eggshell powder, and trace element additives, supply calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and other minerals necessary for strong bones, healthy feathers, and improved immunity.
Special feeds like antibiotics and enzyme preparations are sometimes used to support digestion and prevent disease, but should be used under professional guidance.
For young pigeons, a balanced mix might include 10% peas, 40% corn, 20% brown rice, and 10% wheat, with the rest being other grains or supplements. Brooding pigeons require a different formula, often containing 50% rice, 20% corn, 10% wheat, 20% mung beans, and a small amount of flaxseed.
A health sand mix typically consists of 30% mud, 25% sand, 15% shell powder, 10% old lime, 5% charcoal, 5% salt, and 10% bone meal. This helps with digestion and provides essential minerals.
Meat pigeon feed must be fresh, non-toxic, and properly measured. Pigeons generally eat about 1/10 of their body weight daily, but this can vary depending on their age, health, and activity level. During peak growth periods, feeding times should be adjusted so that they finish within 15 minutes. Young pigeons are usually fed 3–4 times a day: at 7 AM, 11 AM, 1 PM, and 7 PM. Egg-laying pigeons are fed 2–3 times a day, with more frequent feeding in summer (at 7 AM and 4 PM), and less frequent in other seasons (at 1 AM and 3 PM).
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