The impact of foliar fertilization on soybean yield during the late growth stage is highly significant, closely tied to the plant's nutrient uptake characteristics and the soil's nutrient availability patterns. During the reproductive growth phase—particularly in the later stages—soybeans have a high demand for nutrients. However, these nutrients are mainly taken up from the deeper soil layers below the plow zone. Unfortunately, the nutrient release capacity of this deeper soil is much lower compared to the topsoil, creating a mismatch between the plant’s peak nutrient needs and the available soil fertility.
At this stage, soybean roots, especially the lateral ones, are concentrated in the surface soil. As a result, the plants often face nutrient deficiencies and early aging during the middle and late growth periods, which significantly limits their ability to produce high and stable yields. To address this issue, applying a nutrient solution through foliar spraying can help bridge the gap between the plant's high nutrient demand and the limited nutrient supply from the soil. This method not only accelerates the accumulation, transformation, and transport of photosynthetic products but also enhances rhizobial activity and root absorption efficiency.
To prepare the nutrient solution, mix 0.5 kg of urea, 105 g of superphosphate, 107.5 g of potassium sulfate, and 12.5 g of boric acid in 25 liters of water. After dissolving all components, filter the mixture before use. The best time to apply the foliar spray is after 6:00 PM or in the evening when the temperature is cooler and evaporation is reduced. Ensure even coverage of the leaves without runoff. Apply the solution three times, with intervals of 3 to 4 days between each application. This practice supports better nutrient uptake, improves plant health, and ultimately contributes to higher soybean yields.
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